# go_term

go_id: GO:0050630
term: (iso)eugenol O-methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + isoeugenol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + isomethyleugenol.


go_id: GO:0050631
term: corydaline synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2 NADPH + palmatine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + corydaline + 2 NADP(+).


go_id: GO:0050632
term: propionyl-CoA C2-trimethyltridecanoyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA = 3-oxopristanoyl-CoA + CoA.


go_id: GO:0050634
term: phloroisovalerophenone synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: isovaleryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 4 CoASH + 3 CO2 + 3-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one.


go_id: GO:0050635
term: acridone synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: N-methylanthranilyl-CoA + 3 H(+) + 3 malonyl-CoA = 1,3-dihydroxy-N-methylacridone + 3 CO(2) + 4 CoA + H(2)O.


go_id: GO:0050637
term: lovastatin nonaketide synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + acetyl-CoA + 18 H(+) + 8 malonyl-CoA + 11 NADPH = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 8 CO(2) + 9 CoA + dihydromonacolin L + 6 H(2)O + 11 NADP(+).


go_id: GO:0050638
term: taxadien-5-alpha-ol O-acetyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol = CoA + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate.


go_id: GO:0050640
term: isopenicillin-N N-acyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O = CoA + penicillin G + L-2-aminohexanedioate.


go_id: GO:0050641
term: 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + 3 H(+) + 3 malonyl-CoA + NADPH = 6-methylsalicylate + 3 CO(2) + 4 CoA + H(2)O + NADP(+).


go_id: GO:0050642
term: 2-alpha-hydroxytaxane 2-O-benzoyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III + benzoyl-CoA = 10-deacetylbaccatin III + CoA.


go_id: GO:0050644
term: cis-p-coumarate glucosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: cis-4-coumarate + UDP-D-glucose = 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-cis-4-coumarate + H(+) + UDP.


go_id: GO:0050646
term: 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid, a straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds.


go_id: GO:0050647
term: 5-hydroxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5-hydroxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid, a straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds.


go_id: GO:0050648
term: 5(S)-hydroxyperoxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5(S)-hydroxyperoxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid, a straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds.


go_id: GO:0050650
term: chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.


go_id: GO:0050651
term: dermatan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are dermatan sulfate (chondroitin sulfate B). Dermatan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.


go_id: GO:0050652
term: dermatan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The elongation of dermatan sulfate proteoglycan chains by alternate addition of N-acetylhexosamine and GlcUA residues to the GAG-protein linkage region tetrasaccharide of dermatan sulfate.


go_id: GO:0050653
term: chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The elongation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan chains by alternate addition of N-acetylhexosamine and GlcUA residues to the GAG-protein linkage region tetrasaccharide of chondroitin sulfate.


go_id: GO:0050654
term: chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.


go_id: GO:0050655
term: dermatan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are dermatan sulfate (chondroitin sulfate B). Dermatan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.


go_id: GO:0050656
term: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), a naturally occurring mixed anhydride. It is an intermediate in the formation of a variety of sulfo compounds in biological systems.


go_id: GO:0050657
term: nucleic acid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of nucleic acids, single or double-stranded polynucleotides involved in the storage, transmission and transfer of genetic information, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0050658
term: RNA transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of RNA, ribonucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0050659
term: N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reactions: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dermatan = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + dermatan 6'-sulfate and 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + chondroitin = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + chondroitin 6'-sulfate.


go_id: GO:0050660
term: flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2.


go_id: GO:0050661
term: NADP binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH.


go_id: GO:0050662
term: coenzyme binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.


go_id: GO:0050663
term: cytokine secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of cytokines from a cell. Cytokines are any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity.


go_id: GO:0050664
term: oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, oxygen as acceptor
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule.


go_id: GO:0050665
term: hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA.


go_id: GO:0050666
term: regulation of homocysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid.


go_id: GO:0050667
term: homocysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid. Homocysteine is an important intermediate in the metabolic reactions of its S-methyl derivative, methionine.


go_id: GO:0050668
term: positive regulation of homocysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0050669
term: negative regulation of homocysteine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0050673
term: epithelial cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances.


go_id: GO:0050674
term: urothelial cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
The multiplication or reproduction of urothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Urothelial cells make up a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria.


go_id: GO:0050682
term: AF-2 domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the AF-2 domain of a protein, a highly conserved ligand-dependent transactivation domain which is essential for receptor-mediated transcriptional activation.


go_id: GO:0050683
term: AF-1 domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the AF-1 domain of a protein, a ligand-independent transactivation domain which is required for the full transcriptional activity of the receptor.


go_id: GO:0050684
term: regulation of mRNA processing
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA processing, those processes involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into a mature mRNA prior to its translation into polypeptide.


go_id: GO:0050687
term: negative regulation of defense response to virus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of antiviral mechanisms, thereby facilitating viral replication.


go_id: GO:0050688
term: regulation of defense response to virus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the antiviral response of a cell or organism.


go_id: GO:0050689
term: negative regulation of defense response to virus by host
ontology: BP
definition:
Any host process that results in the inhibition of antiviral immune response mechanisms, thereby facilitating viral replication. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0050690
term: regulation of defense response to virus by virus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any viral process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of the host cell or organism.


go_id: GO:0050691
term: regulation of defense response to virus by host
ontology: BP
definition:
Any host process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of a host cell or organism.


go_id: GO:0050692
term: DBD domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the DBD, DNA binding domain, of a protein. The DNA binding domain of the vitamin D receptor, one of a family of receptors with the DBD, is split into three regions, the P, D and T boxes. Residues that are critical for target sequence selectivity form the P-box. The D-box contains residues that are important for homodimerization of class I nuclear receptors. The T-box is essential for both DNA-binding and transactivation of the VDR; this region may also be important for dimerization with RXR for class II nuclear receptors.


go_id: GO:0050693
term: LBD domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the LBD, the ligand binding domain found in nuclear receptors. In general, the LBDs consist of three layers comprised of twelve alpha-helices and several beta-strands that are organized around a lipophilic ligand-binding pocket.


go_id: GO:0050694
term: galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyllactosamine + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 3-sulfo-N-acetyllactosamine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate. N-acetyllactosamine residues are found in a number of different carbohydrate types. N-acetyllactosamine can also be written as Gal-beta-(1,4)-GlcNAc.


go_id: GO:0050696
term: trichloroethylene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.


go_id: GO:0050699
term: WW domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a WW domain of a protein, a small module composed of 40 amino acids and plays a role in mediating protein-protein interactions via proline-rich regions.


go_id: GO:0050700
term: CARD domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family.


go_id: GO:0050701
term: interleukin-1 secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell. Interleukin 1 is produced mainly by activated macrophages; it stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing interleukin 2 release and it is involved in the inflammatory response.


go_id: GO:0050704
term: regulation of interleukin-1 secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050705
term: regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 alpha from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050706
term: regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050707
term: regulation of cytokine secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050708
term: regulation of protein secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050709
term: negative regulation of protein secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050710
term: negative regulation of cytokine secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050711
term: negative regulation of interleukin-1 secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050712
term: negative regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 alpha from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050713
term: negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050714
term: positive regulation of protein secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050715
term: positive regulation of cytokine secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050716
term: positive regulation of interleukin-1 secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050717
term: positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 alpha from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050718
term: positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of interleukin-1 beta from a cell.


go_id: GO:0050721
term: regulation of interleukin-1 alpha biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 alpha.


go_id: GO:0050722
term: regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 beta.


go_id: GO:0050723
term: negative regulation of interleukin-1 alpha biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 alpha.


go_id: GO:0050724
term: negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 beta.


go_id: GO:0050725
term: positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 beta.


go_id: GO:0050726
term: positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of interleukin-1 alpha.


go_id: GO:0050727
term: regulation of inflammatory response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents.


go_id: GO:0050728
term: negative regulation of inflammatory response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.


go_id: GO:0050730
term: regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.


go_id: GO:0050731
term: positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.


go_id: GO:0050732
term: negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine.


go_id: GO:0050733
term: RS domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RS domain of a protein; RS domains are usually highly phosphorylated and characterized by the presence of arginine (R)/serine (S) dipeptides. The RS domain promotes protein-protein interactions and directs subcellular localization and, in certain situations, nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of individual SR proteins. They also play a role in splicing.


go_id: GO:0050738
term: fructosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a fructosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.


go_id: GO:0050739
term: peptide cross-linking via S-[5'-(L-tryptoph-6'-yl)-L-tyrosin-3'-yl]-L-methionin-S-ium
ontology: BP
definition:
The cross-linking of a tyrosine residue to a tryptophan residue and a methionine residue to form S-[5'-(L-tryptoph-6'-yl)-L-tyrosin-3'-yl]-L-methionin-S-ium.


go_id: GO:0050745
term: peptide cross-linking via L-cysteinyl-5-imidazolinone glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a protein active site cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue N, a cysteine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue N+2, a glycine, coupled with the formation of a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue N+1 which loses one hydrogen, and the loss of a molecule of water.


go_id: GO:0050746
term: regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoproteins, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.


go_id: GO:0050747
term: positive regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoproteins, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.


go_id: GO:0050748
term: negative regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoproteins, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.


go_id: GO:0050751
term: fractalkine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation. It exists as a secreted protein and in a membrane-bound form, and exhibits a novel C-X-X-X-C cysteine signature motif. The counterpart of human fractalkine is murine neurotactin; fractalkine is also referred to as CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine or ABCD-3 and has been renamed CX3CL1.


go_id: GO:0050752
term: regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation.


go_id: GO:0050753
term: negative regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation.


go_id: GO:0050754
term: positive regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation.


go_id: GO:0050755
term: chemokine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving chemokines, any member of a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria.


go_id: GO:0050756
term: fractalkine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving fractalkine, a chemokine involved in the control of the key regulatory mechanisms of cell trafficking at sites of inflammation. It exists as a secreted protein and in a membrane-bound form, and exhibits a novel C-X-X-X-C cysteine signature motif. The counterpart of human fractalkine is murine neurotactin; fractalkine is also referred to as CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine or ABCD-3 and has been renamed CX3CL1.


go_id: GO:0050757
term: thymidylate synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which catalyzes the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP = dihydrofolate + dTMP.


go_id: GO:0050758
term: regulation of thymidylate synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme thymidylate synthase.


go_id: GO:0050759
term: positive regulation of thymidylate synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme thymidylate synthase.


go_id: GO:0050760
term: negative regulation of thymidylate synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enzyme thymidylate synthase.


go_id: GO:0050761
term: depsipeptide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


go_id: GO:0050762
term: depsipeptide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


go_id: GO:0050763
term: depsipeptide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


go_id: GO:0050764
term: regulation of phagocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the process in which phagocytes engulf external particulate material.


go_id: GO:0050767
term: regulation of neurogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons.


go_id: GO:0050768
term: negative regulation of neurogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons.


go_id: GO:0050769
term: positive regulation of neurogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the origin and formation of neurons.


go_id: GO:0050770
term: regulation of axonogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis, the generation of an axon, the long process of a neuron.


go_id: GO:0050774
term: negative regulation of dendrite morphogenesis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.


go_id: GO:0050776
term: regulation of immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.


go_id: GO:0050777
term: negative regulation of immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.


go_id: GO:0050778
term: positive regulation of immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.


go_id: GO:0050779
term: RNA destabilization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that decreases the stability of an RNA molecule, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes.


go_id: GO:0050783
term: cocaine metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving cocaine, an alkaloid obtained from the dried leaves of the shrub Erythroxylon coca. It is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic.


go_id: GO:0050784
term: cocaine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cocaine, an alkaloid obtained from the dried leaves of the shrub Erythroxylon coca. It is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic.


go_id: GO:0050785
term: advanced glycation end-product receptor activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Combining with advanced glycation end-products and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) form from a series of chemical reactions after an initial glycation event (a non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and free amino groups of proteins).


go_id: GO:0050786
term: RAGE receptor binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the RAGE receptor, the receptor for advanced glycation end-products.


go_id: GO:0050787
term: detoxification of mercury ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that reduce or remove the toxicity of mercuric ion. These include transport of mercury away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of mercury ion and/or reduction of mercury ion (Hg[II]) to metallic mercury (Hg[0]).


go_id: GO:0050788
term: sequestering of mercury
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of binding or confining toxic mercury ions or atoms such that they are separated from sensitive components of a biological system.


go_id: GO:0050789
term: regulation of biological process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.


go_id: GO:0050792
term: regulation of viral process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the viral life cycle, the set of processes by which a virus reproduces and spreads among hosts.


go_id: GO:0050793
term: regulation of developmental process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).


go_id: GO:0050794
term: regulation of cellular process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.


go_id: GO:0050795
term: regulation of behavior
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli.


go_id: GO:0050797
term: thymidylate synthase (FAD) activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP + NADPH + H+ = dTMP + tetrahydrofolate + NADP+.


go_id: GO:0050799
term: cocaine biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cocaine, an alkaloid obtained from the dried leaves of the shrub Erythroxylon coca. It is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic.


go_id: GO:0050803
term: regulation of synapse structure or activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).


go_id: GO:0050804
term: modulation of synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.


go_id: GO:0050805
term: negative regulation of synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.


go_id: GO:0050806
term: positive regulation of synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.


go_id: GO:0050807
term: regulation of synapse organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the physical form of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).


go_id: GO:0050808
term: synapse organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).


go_id: GO:0050813
term: epothilone metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving epothilone, a drug obtained from the myxobacteria Sporangium cellulosum that interferes with cell division. Some epothilones are being studied as treatments for cancer.


go_id: GO:0050814
term: epothilone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of epothilone, a drug obtained from the myxobacteria Sporangium cellulosum that interferes with cell division. Some epothilones are being studied as treatments for cancer.


go_id: GO:0050818
term: regulation of coagulation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation, the process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass.


go_id: GO:0050834
term: molybdenum incorporation via L-cysteinyl copper sulfido molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein by L-cysteinyl copper sulfido molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide.


go_id: GO:0050835
ontology: BP
term:
iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl S-adenosylmethion-N,O-diyl tetrairon tetrasulfide

definition:
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl S-adenosylmethion-N,O-diyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.


go_id: GO:0050836
term: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-arginyl diiron disulfide
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-arginyl diiron disulfide.


go_id: GO:0050837
term: peptide cross-linking via L-cysteinyl-L-selenocysteine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a selenide-sulfide bond to form the cystine-like L-cysteinyl-L-selenocysteine, as in vertebrate selenopeptide P.


go_id: GO:0050841
term: peptidyl-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-lysine hydroxylation to peptidyl-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine
ontology: BP
definition:
The hydroxylation of peptidyl-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine to form peptidyl-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine.


go_id: GO:0050842
term: copper incorporation via L-cysteinyl copper sulfido molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of copper into a protein by L-cysteinyl copper sulfido molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide.


go_id: GO:0050843
term: S-adenosylmethionine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


go_id: GO:0050845
term: teichuronic acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria.


go_id: GO:0050846
term: teichuronic acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria.


go_id: GO:0050847
term: progesterone receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a progesterone binding to its receptor.


go_id: GO:0050848
term: regulation of calcium-mediated signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling, the process in which a cell uses calcium ions to convert an extracellular signal into a response.


go_id: GO:0050849
term: negative regulation of calcium-mediated signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling.


go_id: GO:0050850
term: positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling.


go_id: GO:0050851
term: antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B or T cell.


go_id: GO:0050854
term: regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell.


go_id: GO:0050855
term: regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


go_id: GO:0050857
term: positive regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell.


go_id: GO:0050858
term: negative regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell.


go_id: GO:0050859
term: negative regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


go_id: GO:0050860
term: negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.


go_id: GO:0050861
term: positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


go_id: GO:0050865
term: regulation of cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation, the change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


go_id: GO:0050872
term: white fat cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in energy storage. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole.


go_id: GO:0050873
term: brown fat cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria.


go_id: GO:0050879
term: multicellular organismal movement
ontology: BP
definition:
Any physiological process involved in changing the position of a multicellular organism or an anatomical part of a multicellular organism.


go_id: GO:0050881
term: musculoskeletal movement
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of an organism or part of an organism using mechanoreceptors, the nervous system, striated muscle and/or the skeletal system.


go_id: GO:0050882
term: voluntary musculoskeletal movement
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of an organism or part of an organism using mechanoreceptors, the nervous system, striated muscle and/or the skeletal system that can be controlled at will.


go_id: GO:0050883
term: musculoskeletal movement, spinal reflex action
ontology: BP
definition:
Involuntary movement caused by the application of a stimulus to an organism and a subsequent movement. The signal processing of this movement takes place in the spinal cord.


go_id: GO:0050884
term: neuromuscular process controlling posture
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism voluntarily modulates its posture, the alignment of its anatomical parts.


go_id: GO:0050885
term: neuromuscular process controlling balance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that an organism uses to control its balance, the orientation of the organism (or the head of the organism) in relation to the source of gravity. In humans and animals, balance is perceived through visual cues, the labyrinth system of the inner ears and information from skin pressure receptors and muscle and joint receptors.


go_id: GO:0050886
term: endocrine process
ontology: BP
definition:
The process that involves the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.


go_id: GO:0050887
term: determination of sensory modality
ontology: BP
definition:
The determination of the type or quality of a sensation. Sensory modalities include touch, thermal sensation, visual sensation, auditory sensation and pain.


go_id: GO:0050888
term: determination of stimulus location
ontology: BP
definition:
The determination of where on the body surface, within the body or in the environment a stimulus originates.


go_id: GO:0050890
term: cognition
ontology: BP
definition:
The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.


go_id: GO:0050891
term: multicellular organismal water homeostasis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water within a tissue, organ, or a multicellular organism.


go_id: GO:0050893
term: sensory processing
ontology: BP
definition:
Any neural process required for an organism to sense and interpret the dimensions of a sensory experience: modality, location, intensity and affect.


go_id: GO:0050896
term: response to stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism.


go_id: GO:0050898
term: nitrile metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitriles, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom. The nitriles are named with reference to the acids produced by their decomposition; for example, hydrocyanic acid is formic nitrile, and methyl cyanide is acetic nitrile.


go_id: GO:0050899
term: nitrile catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrile, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom.


go_id: GO:0050901
term: leukocyte tethering or rolling
ontology: BP
definition:
Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Carbohydrates on circulating leukocytes bind selectins on the vessel wall causing the leukocytes to slow down and roll along the inner surface of the vessel wall. During this rolling motion, transitory bonds are formed and broken between selectins and their ligands. Typically the first step in cellular extravasation (the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system, towards the site of tissue damage or infection).


go_id: GO:0050902
term: leukocyte adhesive activation
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation of loosely bound or rolling leukocytes by signals displayed on blood vessel endothelial cells, which is typically the second step in cellular extravasation.


go_id: GO:0050903
term: leukocyte activation-dependent arrest
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of an integrin-dependent strong adhesive bond between leukocytes and blood vessel endothelial cells which is dependent on prior activation of the leukocyte and leads to the firm attachment of the leukocyte to the endothelial surface, typically the third step in cellular extravasation.


go_id: GO:0050904
term: diapedesis
ontology: BP
definition:
The passage of a leukocyte between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation.


go_id: GO:0050906
term: detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in sensory perception in which a sensory stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050907
term: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception.


go_id: GO:0050908
term: detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in visual perception in which a light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050910
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in the perception of sound vibration in which the vibration is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050911
term: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in the perception of smell in which an olfactory chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050913
term: sensory perception of bitter taste
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required to receive a bitter taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050914
term: sensory perception of salty taste
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required to receive a salty taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050915
term: sensory perception of sour taste
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required to receive a sour taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050916
term: sensory perception of sweet taste
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required to receive a sweet taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050917
term: sensory perception of umami taste
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required to receive an umami taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050920
term: regulation of chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.


go_id: GO:0050921
term: positive regulation of chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.


go_id: GO:0050922
term: negative regulation of chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.


go_id: GO:0050923
term: regulation of negative chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050924
term: positive regulation of negative chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050925
term: negative regulation of negative chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050926
term: regulation of positive chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050927
term: positive regulation of positive chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050928
term: negative regulation of positive chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050929
term: induction of negative chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050930
term: induction of positive chemotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that initiates the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


go_id: GO:0050931
term: pigment cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pigmented cell, such as a melanocyte.


go_id: GO:0050933
term: early stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an early stripe melanocyte (ESM). In zebrafish, ESMs develop during the first phase (2-3 weeks of development) of the larva to adult transition (2-4 weeks of development).


go_id: GO:0050934
term: late stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a late stripe melanocyte (LSM). In zebrafish, LSMs develop during the second phase (3-4 weeks of development) of the larva-to-adult transition (2-4 weeks of development).


go_id: GO:0050935
term: iridophore differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an iridophore. Iridophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain guanidine or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. This gives them a silver, gold, or iridescent appearance.


go_id: GO:0050936
term: xanthophore differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a xanthophore cell. Xanthophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This makes them yellow to orange in appearance.


go_id: GO:0050939
term: regulation of early stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early stripe melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050941
term: negative regulation of pigment cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pigment cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050942
term: positive regulation of pigment cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pigment cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050943
term: negative regulation of iridophore differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of iridophore differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050944
term: negative regulation of xanthophore differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xanthophore differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050945
term: positive regulation of iridophore differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iridophore differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050946
term: positive regulation of xanthophore differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xanthophore differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050947
term: negative regulation of early stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of early stripe melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050948
term: positive regulation of early stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of early stripe melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050949
term: negative regulation of late stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of late stripe melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050950
term: positive regulation of late stripe melanocyte differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of late stripe melanocyte differentiation.


go_id: GO:0050951
term: sensory perception of temperature stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050952
term: sensory perception of electrical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory electrical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050953
term: sensory perception of light stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


go_id: GO:0050955
term: thermoception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Thermoception in larger animals is mainly done in the skin; mammals have at least two types of sensor, for detecting heat (temperatures above body temperature) and cold (temperatures below body temperature).


go_id: GO:0050956
term: electroception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Many fish possess an electroception sense; for example, the electric eel uses low voltage pulses of electricity for navigation and prey location.


go_id: GO:0050957
term: equilibrioception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive an orientational stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Equilibrioception refers to a combination of processes by which an organism can perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. In animals, stimuli come from labyrinth system of the inner ears, monitoring the direction of motion; visual stimuli, with information on orientation and motion; pressure receptors, which tell the organism which body surfaces are in contact with the ground; and proprioceptive cues, which report which parts of the body are in motion.


go_id: GO:0050958
term: magnetoreception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Stimuli may be chemical, mechanical or electrical and interpreting these stimuli allows an organism to determine the orientation of a magnetic field. Magnetoreception also involves the perception of light; birds cannot orient without the presence of short wavelength (blue/green) light.


go_id: GO:0050959
term: echolocation
ontology: BP
definition:
Echolocation is the method used by some animals (e.g. bats, dolphins and some whales) to determine the location of something by measuring the time it takes for an echo to return from it. These animals emit sound waves and listen for the echo, calculating the distance to the object from the time lapse between sound emission and the echo returning.


go_id: GO:0050960
term: detection of temperature stimulus involved in thermoception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a temperature stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception.


go_id: GO:0050961
term: detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a temperature stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception.


go_id: GO:0050962
term: detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal as part of the sensory perception of light.


go_id: GO:0050963
term: detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which an electrical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception.


go_id: GO:0050964
term: detection of electrical stimulus involved in electroception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events that contribute to electroception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050965
term: detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a temperature stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050966
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050967
term: detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events that contribute to the perception of pain in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050968
term: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050969
term: detection of chemical stimulus involved in magnetoreception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in magnetoception in which a chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. It is believed that organisms such as birds and salamanders interpret product ratios in chemical reactions which involve transitions between different spin states.


go_id: GO:0050970
term: detection of electrical stimulus involved in magnetoreception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events that contribute to magnetoception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of an induced electric field resulting from movement in a magnetic field.


go_id: GO:0050971
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in magnetoreception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in magnetoception in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of torque on particles such as magnetite which respond to a magnetic field.


go_id: GO:0050972
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in echolocation
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in echolocation in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of a reflected sound wave (an echo), which the organism uses to determine the distance to the object that reflected the sound wave.


go_id: GO:0050973
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in equilibrioception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in equilibrioception in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. During equilibrioception, mechanical stimuli may be in the form of input from pressure receptors or from the labyrinth system of the inner ears.


go_id: GO:0050974
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception.


go_id: GO:0050975
term: sensory perception of touch
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach).


go_id: GO:0050976
term: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in the perception of touch in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050977
term: magnetoreception by sensory perception of chemical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a chemical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. It is believed that organisms such as birds and salamanders use a 'chemical compass': chemical reactions that involve transitions between different spin states can be influenced by magnetic fields and by detecting the different product ratios, these organisms can perceive the direction of the magnetic field. The mechanism by which this is detected is not certain but it may also involve light stimuli.


go_id: GO:0050978
term: magnetoreception by sensory perception of electrical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Movement in a magnetic field results in an induced electric field, which can be perceived by organisms such as elasmobranch fish.


go_id: GO:0050979
term: magnetoreception by sensory perception of mechanical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events required for an organism to receive a mechanical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. A magnetic field exerts a torque on a ferromagnetic material (e.g. magnetite) or on a material with diamagnetic anisotropy; organisms that can detect this torque can use it to determine the orientation of the magnetic field.


go_id: GO:0050980
term: detection of light stimulus involved in magnetoreception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events involved in magnetoception in which a light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. Downstream processing of the light information in addition to other sensory data allows organisms to perceive the orientation of a magnetic field.


go_id: GO:0050981
term: detection of electrical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events by which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050982
term: detection of mechanical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events by which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0050986
term: isopeptide cross-linking via N-(L-isoglutamyl)-glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of an isopeptide cross-link between peptidyl-glutamate and peptidyl-glycine to produce N-(L-isoglutamyl)-glycine, as found in the antibiotic microcin J25.


go_id: GO:0050988
term: N-terminal peptidyl-methionine carboxylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The carboxylation of the N-terminal methionine of proteins to form the derivative N-carboxy-L-methionine.


go_id: GO:0050994
term: regulation of lipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.


go_id: GO:0050995
term: negative regulation of lipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.


go_id: GO:0050996
term: positive regulation of lipid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.


go_id: GO:0050997
term: quaternary ammonium group binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a quaternary ammonium group, including glycine betaine, choline, carnitine and proline. A quaternary ammonium group is any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.


go_id: GO:0051002
term: ligase activity, forming nitrogen-metal bonds
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the joining of a metal ion to a molecule via a nitrogen-metal bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


go_id: GO:0051003
term: ligase activity, forming nitrogen-metal bonds, forming coordination complexes
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the ligation of two substances via a nitrogen-metal bond, forming a coordination complex.


go_id: GO:0051020
term: GTPase binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a GTPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.


go_id: GO:0051023
term: regulation of immunoglobulin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of immunoglobulins from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051024
term: positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of immunoglobulins from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051025
term: negative regulation of immunoglobulin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of immunoglobulins from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051026
term: chiasma assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which a connection between chromatids assembles, indicating where an exchange of homologous segments has taken place by the crossing-over of non-sister chromatids.


go_id: GO:0051027
term: DNA transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of RNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051028
term: mRNA transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051029
term: rRNA transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051030
term: snRNA transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of snRNA, small nuclear ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051031
term: tRNA transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of tRNA, transfer ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051032
term: nucleic acid transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of nucleic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Nucleic acids are single or double-stranded polynucleotides involved in the storage, transmission and transfer of genetic information.


go_id: GO:0051036
term: regulation of endosome size
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the volume of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials newly ingested by endocytosis.


go_id: GO:0051038
term: negative regulation of transcription during meiosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051039
term: positive regulation of transcription during meiosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051040
term: regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that do not require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


go_id: GO:0051041
term: positive regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion.


go_id: GO:0051042
term: negative regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion.


go_id: GO:0051043
term: regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain).


go_id: GO:0051044
term: positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of membrane protein ectodomain peptidolysis.


go_id: GO:0051045
term: negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis.


go_id: GO:0051046
term: regulation of secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue.


go_id: GO:0051047
term: positive regulation of secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue.


go_id: GO:0051048
term: negative regulation of secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue.


go_id: GO:0051049
term: regulation of transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051050
term: positive regulation of transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051051
term: negative regulation of transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051052
term: regulation of DNA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA.


go_id: GO:0051053
term: negative regulation of DNA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA.


go_id: GO:0051054
term: positive regulation of DNA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA.


go_id: GO:0051055
term: negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


go_id: GO:0051056
term: regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0051057
term: positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0051058
term: negative regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.


go_id: GO:0051059
term: NF-kappaB binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters.


go_id: GO:0051060
term: pullulanase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in pullulan (a linear polymer of alpha-(1,6)-linked maltotriose units) and in amylopectin and glycogen, and the a- and b-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen.


go_id: GO:0051069
term: galactomannan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-galactose and D-mannose. The mannose units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-galactose as single side units.


go_id: GO:0051070
term: galactomannan biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-galactosyl and D-mannosyl. The mannosyl units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-galactosyl as single side units.


go_id: GO:0051071
term: 4,6-pyruvylated galactose residue metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving the pyruvylated galactose residue 4-6-O-[(R)(1-carboxyethylidine)]-Gal-beta-1,3-. The galactose residue is part of a larger polysaccharide chain.


go_id: GO:0051072
term: 4,6-pyruvylated galactose residue biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pyruvylated galactose residue 4-6-O-[(R)(1-carboxyethylidine)]-Gal-beta-1,3-. The galactose residue is part of a larger polysaccharide chain.


go_id: GO:0051262
term: protein tetramerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a protein tetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.


go_id: GO:0051075
term: S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethionine + 7-(aminomethyl)-7-deazaguanosine-tRNA = adenine + methionine + epoxyqueuosine-tRNA. 7-(aminomethyl)-7-deazaguanosine-tRNA is also known as preQ1-tRNA, and epoxyqueuosine-tRNA as oQ-tRNA.


go_id: GO:0051077
term: secondary cell septum
ontology: CC
definition:
Cell wall structures composed of linear polysaccharides which are deposited at both sides of the primary septum at 90 degrees to the primary septum.


go_id: GO:0051078
term: meiotic nuclear envelope disassembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which the controlled breakdown of the nuclear envelope during meiotic cell division occurs.


go_id: GO:0051083
term: 'de novo' cotranslational protein folding
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent assembly of the ribosome-bound nascent chains of a multidomain protein whilst other parts of the protein are still being translated.


go_id: GO:0051084
term: 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent folding of newly formed polypeptides or folding intermediates of polypeptides that have exited the ribosome and/or have been stabilized and transferred by other chaperone proteins. This process could involve several cycles of ATP hydrolysis.


go_id: GO:0051085
term: chaperone mediated protein folding requiring cofactor
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of assisting in the correct posttranslational noncovalent assembly of proteins, which is dependent on additional protein cofactors. This process occurs over one or several cycles of nucleotide hydrolysis-dependent binding and release.


go_id: GO:0051086
term: chaperone mediated protein folding independent of cofactor
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent assembly of posttranslational proteins and does not depend on additional protein cofactors. This function occurs over one or more cycles of nucleotide-dependent binding and release.


go_id: GO:0051088
term: PMA-inducible membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain that occurs after induction by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C agonist.


go_id: GO:0051089
term: constitutive protein ectodomain proteolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain that occurs constantly, regardless of environmental conditions or demands.


go_id: GO:0051090
term: regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.


go_id: GO:0051091
term: positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.


go_id: GO:0051092
term: positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB.


go_id: GO:0051093
term: negative regulation of developmental process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).


go_id: GO:0051094
term: positive regulation of developmental process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).


go_id: GO:0051098
term: regulation of binding
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.


go_id: GO:0051099
term: positive regulation of binding
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.


go_id: GO:0051100
term: negative regulation of binding
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.


go_id: GO:0051101
term: regulation of DNA binding
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).


go_id: GO:0051102
term: DNA ligation involved in DNA recombination
ontology: BP
definition:
The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA recombination.


go_id: GO:0051103
term: DNA ligation involved in DNA repair
ontology: BP
definition:
The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA repair.


go_id: GO:0051104
term: DNA-dependent DNA replication DNA ligation
ontology: BP
definition:
The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA-dependent DNA replication.


go_id: GO:0051105
term: regulation of DNA ligation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA ligation, the re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.


go_id: GO:0051106
term: positive regulation of DNA ligation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA ligation, the re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.


go_id: GO:0051107
term: negative regulation of DNA ligation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA ligation, the re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.


go_id: GO:0051110
term: peptidyl-histidine uridylylation, to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine
ontology: BP
definition:
The uridylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-UMP-histidine, tele-UMP-histidine).


go_id: GO:0051111
term: peptidyl-histidine adenylylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The adenylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-AMP-histidine, tele-AMP-histidine) or peptidyl-3'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-AMP-histidine, pros-AMP-histidine).


go_id: GO:0051112
term: peptidyl-histidine adenylylation, to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine
ontology: BP
definition:
The adenylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-AMP-histidine, tele-AMP-histidine).


go_id: GO:0051113
term: enzyme active site formation via 1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine
ontology: BP
definition:
The transient adenylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form 1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-AMP-histidine, tele-AMP-histidine).


go_id: GO:0051114
term: peptidyl-histidine uridylylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The uridylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-UMP-histidine, tele-UMP-histidine) or peptidyl-3'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-UMP-histidine, pros-UMP-histidine).


go_id: GO:0051115
term: enzyme active site formation via 1'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine
ontology: BP
definition:
The transient uridylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form 1'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-UMP-histidine, tele-UMP-histidine).


go_id: GO:0051116
term: cobaltochelatase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + Co(2+) + H(2)O + hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide = ADP + cob(II)yrinate a,c diamide + 4 H(+) + phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051117
term: ATPase binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP.


go_id: GO:0051118
term: glucan endo-1,3-alpha-glucosidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in isolichenin, pseudonigeran and nigeran.


go_id: GO:0051120
term: hepoxilin A3 synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 12S-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-12-hydro(pero)xy-eicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid = (5Z,9E,14Z)-(8,11R,12S)-11,12-epoxy-8-hydroxyicosa-5,9,14-trienoate. 12S-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-12-hydro(pero)xy-eicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid is also known as 12S-HpETE, and (5Z,9E,14Z)-(8,11R,12S)-11,12-epoxy-8-hydroxyicosa-5,9,14-trienoate as hepoxilin A3.


go_id: GO:0051121
term: hepoxilin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hepoxilins, a class of bioactive icosanoids with roles in the regulation of cell physiology.


go_id: GO:0051122
term: hepoxilin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hepoxilins, a class of bioactive icosanoids with roles in the regulation of cell physiology.


go_id: GO:0051123
term: RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on an RNA polymerase II promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription by RNA polymerase.


go_id: GO:0051124
term: synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction
ontology: BP
definition:
The growth of a synapse at a neuromuscular junction, the site of apposition of a motor end plate and the subneural cleft of the skeletal muscle fiber that it innervates.


go_id: GO:0051125
term: regulation of actin nucleation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


go_id: GO:0051126
term: negative regulation of actin nucleation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


go_id: GO:0051127
term: positive regulation of actin nucleation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


go_id: GO:0051128
term: regulation of cellular component organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.


go_id: GO:0051129
term: negative regulation of cellular component organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.


go_id: GO:0051130
term: positive regulation of cellular component organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.


go_id: GO:0051132
term: NK T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature natural killer T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


go_id: GO:0051134
term: negative regulation of NK T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0051135
term: positive regulation of NK T cell activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation.


go_id: GO:0051137
term: negative regulation of NK T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051138
term: positive regulation of NK T cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051139
term: metal ion:proton antiporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: metal ion(in) + H+(out) = metal ion(out) + H+(in).


go_id: GO:0051141
term: negative regulation of NK T cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell proliferation.


go_id: GO:0051142
term: positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell proliferation.


go_id: GO:0051143
term: propanediol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving propanediol, CH3-CHOH-CH2OH, a sweet, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze, in brake fluid and as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items.


go_id: GO:0051144
term: propanediol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propanediol, a sweet, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid with the formula CH3-CHOH-CH2OH.


go_id: GO:0051145
term: smooth muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell; smooth muscle lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers and are almost always involuntary.


go_id: GO:0051146
term: striated muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle.


go_id: GO:0051148
term: negative regulation of muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051149
term: positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051151
term: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051152
term: positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051154
term: negative regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051155
term: positive regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation.


go_id: GO:0051156
term: glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 6-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-6.


go_id: GO:0051157
term: arabitol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


go_id: GO:0051158
term: L-arabitol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


go_id: GO:0051159
term: D-arabitol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.


go_id: GO:0051160
term: L-xylitol catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group.


go_id: GO:0051161
term: arabitol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


go_id: GO:0051162
term: L-arabitol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


go_id: GO:0051163
term: D-arabitol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.


go_id: GO:0051164
term: L-xylitol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group. It is as sweet as sucrose and is used as a noncariogenic sweetner and as a sugar substitute in diabetic diets.


go_id: GO:0051167
term: xylulose 5-phosphate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylulose 5-phosphate, a derivative of the ketopentose xylulose phosphorylated at the 5 carbon; it is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway.


go_id: GO:0051171
term: regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds.


go_id: GO:0051172
term: negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds.


go_id: GO:0051173
term: positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds.


go_id: GO:0051174
term: regulation of phosphorus metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus.


go_id: GO:0051175
term: negative regulation of sulfur metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfur or compounds containing sulfur.


go_id: GO:0051176
term: positive regulation of sulfur metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfur or compounds containing sulfur.


go_id: GO:0051177
term: meiotic sister chromatid cohesion
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051178
term: meiotic chromosome decondensation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which chromosome structure is altered from the condensed form held during meiosis to the relaxed dispersed form held in resting cells.


go_id: GO:0051179
term: localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to or maintained in a specific location.


go_id: GO:0051182
term: coenzyme transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a coenzyme into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A coenzyme is any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.


go_id: GO:0051185
term: coenzyme transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the directed movement of a coenzyme into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. A coenzyme is any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.


go_id: GO:0051186
term: cofactor metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate.


go_id: GO:0051187
term: cofactor catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.


go_id: GO:0051188
term: cofactor biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.


go_id: GO:0051192
term: prosthetic group binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein.


go_id: GO:0051193
term: regulation of cofactor metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a cofactor.


go_id: GO:0051194
term: positive regulation of cofactor metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a cofactor.


go_id: GO:0051195
term: negative regulation of cofactor metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a cofactor.


go_id: GO:0051202
term: phytochromobilin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytochromobilin, the linear tetrapyrrole chromophore required for plant phytochrome photoactivity.


go_id: GO:0051203
term: peptidyl-aspartic acid reduction to form L-aspartyl aldehyde
ontology: BP
definition:
The reduction of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-aspartyl aldehyde, as found photosystem II P680 chlorophyll A apoprotein.


go_id: GO:0051205
term: protein insertion into membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The process that results in the incorporation of a protein into a biological membrane.  Incorporation in this context means having some part or covalently attached group that is inserted into the the hydrophobic region of one or both bilayers.


go_id: GO:0051206
term: silicate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving silicates, the salts of silicic acids. Silicates are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.


go_id: GO:0051209
term: release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the cytosolic compartment.


go_id: GO:0051210
term: isotropic cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size uniformly in all directions. In general, a rounded cell morphology reflects isotropic cell growth.


go_id: GO:0051211
term: anisotropic cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one or more axes, where the growth rate varies according to the direction of growth. Growth may be limited to a particular axis, axes, or to particular locations on the surface of the cell.


go_id: GO:0051213
term: dioxygenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which both atoms of oxygen from one molecule of O2 are incorporated into the (reduced) product(s) of the reaction. The two atoms of oxygen may be distributed between two different products.


go_id: GO:0051214
term: RNA virus induced gene silencing
ontology: BP
definition:
Gene silencing induced by RNA viruses leading to a sequence-specific degradation of target mRNAs or post-transcriptional gene silencing.


go_id: GO:0051215
term: DNA virus induced gene silencing
ontology: BP
definition:
Gene silencing induced by DNA viruses leading to a sequence-specific degradation of target mRNAs or post-transcriptional gene silencing.


go_id: GO:0051216
term: cartilage development
ontology: BP
definition:
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cartilage element over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage elements are skeletal elements that consist of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


go_id: GO:0051217
term: molybdenum incorporation via L-aspartyl molybdenum bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein via L-aspartyl molybdenum bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide).


go_id: GO:0051218
term: tungsten incorporation via L-selenocysteinyl tungsten bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)
ontology: BP
definition:
The incorporation of tungsten into a protein via L-selenocysteinyl tungsten bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide).


go_id: GO:0051220
term: cytoplasmic sequestering of protein
ontology: BP
definition:
The selective interaction of a protein with specific molecules in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting its transport into other areas of the cell.


go_id: GO:0051222
term: positive regulation of protein transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051223
term: regulation of protein transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051224
term: negative regulation of protein transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051225
term: spindle assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle, the array of microtubules and associated molecules that serves to move duplicated chromosomes apart.


go_id: GO:0051230
term: spindle disassembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The controlled breakdown of the spindle, the array of microtubules and associated molecules that serves to move duplicated chromosomes apart.


go_id: GO:0051234
term: establishment of localization
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location.


go_id: GO:0051235
term: maintenance of location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051238
term: sequestering of metal ion
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of binding or confining metal ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


go_id: GO:0051239
term: regulation of multicellular organismal process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


go_id: GO:0051240
term: positive regulation of multicellular organismal process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, any of the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


go_id: GO:0051241
term: negative regulation of multicellular organismal process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


go_id: GO:0051246
term: regulation of protein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein.


go_id: GO:0051247
term: positive regulation of protein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein.


go_id: GO:0051248
term: negative regulation of protein metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein.


go_id: GO:0051250
term: negative regulation of lymphocyte activation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation.


go_id: GO:0051252
term: regulation of RNA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA.


go_id: GO:0051253
term: negative regulation of RNA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA.


go_id: GO:0051254
term: positive regulation of RNA metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA.


go_id: GO:0051255
term: spindle midzone assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle midzone. The spindle midzone is the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.


go_id: GO:0051256
term: mitotic spindle midzone assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process, occurring during anaphase, in which the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components forms the spindle midzone.


go_id: GO:0051257
term: meiotic spindle midzone assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of the spindle midzone, the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap, as a part of the process of meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051258
term: protein polymerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein.


go_id: GO:0051259
term: protein oligomerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers; protein oligomers may be composed of different or identical monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.


go_id: GO:0051261
term: protein depolymerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers, are broken down. Depolymerization occurs by the successive removal of monomers from an existing poly- or oligomeric protein.


go_id: GO:0051263
term: microcin E492 biosynthetic process by siderophore ester modification of peptidyl-serine
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of serine to N-[5-(6-O-seryl-beta-glucosyl)-2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl]-O-[N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-O-[N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)seryl]seryl]serine as found in microcin E492 produced from the mceA gene in plasmid pJAM229 of the E. coli VCS257 strain and the K. pneumoniae RYC492 strain.


go_id: GO:0051264
term: mono-olein transacylation activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: mono-olein + mono-olein = diolein + glycerol. Mono-olein, also known as mono-oleoylglycerol, is the monoglyceride formed from oleic acid, 9-octodecenoic acid; diolein is also known as dioleoylglycerol.


go_id: GO:0051265
term: diolein transacylation activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: diolein + mono-olein = triolein + glycerol. Mono-olein, also known as mono-oleoylglycerol, is the monoglyceride formed from oleic acid, 9-octodecenoic acid; diolein is also known as dioleoylglycerol, and triolein as trioleoylglycerol and olein.


go_id: GO:0051267
term: CP2 mannose-ethanolamine phosphotransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ethanolamine phosphate + Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,6)-R = Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-6-P-EtN-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,6)-R; R is Man-alpha(1,4)-GlcNH2-inositol-PO4-lipid. This reaction is the transfer of ethanolamine phosphate to C6 of second mannose in the GPI lipid precursor CP2.


go_id: GO:0051268
term: alpha-keto amide reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-keto amide + 2 H+ (from donor) = (R)-hydroxy amide. Alpha-keto amides are of the form R-CO-CONH2, where R may be aromatic or aliphatic.


go_id: GO:0051269
term: alpha-keto ester reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-keto ester + 2 H+ (from donor) = (R)-hydroxy ester. Alpha-keto esters are of the form R(1)-CO-CO-O-R(2), where the R groups may be aromatic or aliphatic.


go_id: GO:0051271
term: negative regulation of cellular component movement
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a cellular component.


go_id: GO:0051272
term: positive regulation of cellular component movement
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of a cellular component.


go_id: GO:0051273
term: beta-glucan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


go_id: GO:0051278
term: fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall.


go_id: GO:0051279
term: regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.


go_id: GO:0051280
term: negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.


go_id: GO:0051281
term: positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.


go_id: GO:0051282
term: regulation of sequestering of calcium ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


go_id: GO:0051283
term: negative regulation of sequestering of calcium ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


go_id: GO:0051284
term: positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


go_id: GO:0051285
term: cell cortex of cell tip
ontology: CC
definition:
The region directly beneath the plasma membrane at the cell tip. The cell tip is the region at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell.


go_id: GO:0051287
term: NAD binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH.


go_id: GO:0051289
term: protein homotetramerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.


go_id: GO:0051290
term: protein heterotetramerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a protein heterotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated subunits, of which not all are identical.


go_id: GO:0051291
term: protein heterooligomerization
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.


go_id: GO:0051292
term: nuclear pore complex assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nuclear pore complex.


go_id: GO:0051295
term: establishment of meiotic spindle localization
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of the meiotic spindle to a specific location in the cell occurs.


go_id: GO:0051297
term: centrosome organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized.


go_id: GO:0051298
term: centrosome duplication
ontology: BP
definition:
The replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized.


go_id: GO:0051299
term: centrosome separation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which duplicated centrosome components move away from each other. The centriole pair within each centrosome becomes part of a separate microtubule organizing center that nucleates a radial array of microtubules called an aster. The two asters move to opposite sides of the nucleus to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle.


go_id: GO:0051301
term: cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.


go_id: GO:0051302
term: regulation of cell division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells.


go_id: GO:0051304
term: chromosome separation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which paired chromosomes are detached from each other. Chromosome separation begins with the release of cohesin complexes from chromosomes; in budding yeast, this includes the cleavage of cohesin complexes along the chromosome arms, followed by the separation of the centromeric regions. Chromosome separation also includes formation of chromatid axes mediated by condensins, and ends with the disentangling of inter-sister catenation catalyzed by topoisomerase II (topo II).


go_id: GO:0051305
term: chromosome movement towards spindle pole
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of chromosomes in the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes.


go_id: GO:0051308
term: male meiosis chromosome separation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which paired chromosomes are physically detached from each other during male meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051309
term: female meiosis chromosome separation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which paired chromosomes are physically detached from each other during female meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051310
term: metaphase plate congression
ontology: BP
definition:
The alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the spindle.


go_id: GO:0051311
term: meiotic metaphase plate congression
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the meiotic spindle, during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051315
term: attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during mitosis. During mitosis, the kinetochores of sister chromosomes are situated facing opposite spindle poles and bipolar attachment of the sister chromosomes to the spindle occurs.


go_id: GO:0051316
term: attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in meiotic chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex contributing to meiotic chromosome segregation.


go_id: GO:0051318
term: G1 phase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis) and the beginning of DNA synthesis.


go_id: GO:0051319
term: G2 phase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis).


go_id: GO:0051321
term: meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions.


go_id: GO:0051322
term: anaphase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase, following metaphase, during which the chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle.


go_id: GO:0051323
term: metaphase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase, following prophase or prometaphase in higher eukaryotes, during which chromosomes become aligned on the equatorial plate of the cell.


go_id: GO:0051324
term: prophase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase which is the first stage of M phase of meiosis and mitosis and during which chromosomes condense and the two daughter centrioles and their asters migrate toward the poles of the cell.


go_id: GO:0051325
term: interphase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase following cytokinesis which begins with G1 phase, proceeds through S phase and G2 phase and ends when prophase of meiosis or mitosis begins. During interphase the cell readies itself for meiosis or mitosis and the replication of its DNA occurs.


go_id: GO:0051326
term: telophase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase which follows anaphase during M phase of mitosis and meiosis and during which the chromosomes arrive at the poles of the cell and the division of the cytoplasm starts.


go_id: GO:0051327
term: meiotic M phase
ontology: BP
definition:
A cell cycle phase during which nuclear division occurs, and which is comprises the phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase and occurs as part of a meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051328
term: meiotic interphase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase which begins after cytokinesis and ends when meiotic prophase begins. Meiotic cells have an interphase after each meiotic division, but only interphase I involves replication of the cell's DNA.


go_id: GO:0051329
term: mitotic interphase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase following cytokinesis which begins with G1 phase, proceeds through S phase and G2 phase and ends when mitotic prophase begins. During interphase the cell readies itself for mitosis and the replication of its DNA occurs.


go_id: GO:0051330
term: meiotic G1 phase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA segregation by meiosis and the beginning of DNA synthesis.


go_id: GO:0051331
term: meiotic G2 phase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation by meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051332
term: meiotic S phase
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle phase, following G1, during which DNA synthesis takes place as part of a meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051336
term: regulation of hydrolase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.


go_id: GO:0051337
term: amitosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Nuclear division that occurs by simple constriction of the nucleus without chromosome condensation or spindle formation.


go_id: GO:0051338
term: regulation of transferase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.


go_id: GO:0051339
term: regulation of lyase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring.


go_id: GO:0051340
term: regulation of ligase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. Ligase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 6.


go_id: GO:0051341
term: regulation of oxidoreductase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced.


go_id: GO:0051342
term: regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleotide 5'-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051343
term: positive regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleotide 5'-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051344
term: negative regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleotide 5'-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051345
term: positive regulation of hydrolase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds.


go_id: GO:0051346
term: negative regulation of hydrolase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds.


go_id: GO:0051347
term: positive regulation of transferase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor.


go_id: GO:0051348
term: negative regulation of transferase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor.


go_id: GO:0051349
term: positive regulation of lyase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond.


go_id: GO:0051350
term: negative regulation of lyase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond.


go_id: GO:0051351
term: positive regulation of ligase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate.


go_id: GO:0051352
term: negative regulation of ligase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate.


go_id: GO:0051353
term: positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered.


go_id: GO:0051354
term: negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered.


go_id: GO:0051355
term: proprioception involved in equilibrioception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events contributing to equilibrioception by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception plays an important role in the ability of an organism to perceive its orientation with respect to gravity.


go_id: GO:0051356
term: visual perception involved in equilibrioception
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events during equilibrioception required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual input plays an important role in the ability of an organism to perceive its orientation with respect to gravity.


go_id: GO:0051357
term: peptide cross-linking via 3-(2-methylthio)ethyl-6-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-5-iminopiperazin-2-one
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a 2-keto-5-iminopiperazine protein chromophore cross-link from the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n, a methionine, to the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n+1, a tyrosine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.


go_id: GO:0051358
term: peptide cross-linking via 2-imino-glutamic acid 5-imidazolinone glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of the non-fluorescent protein chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a glutamic acid, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. This modification is found in the GFP-like non-fluorescent red chromoprotein from the sea anemone Radianthus macrodactylus.


go_id: GO:0051359
term: peptide cross-linking via 2-imino-methionine 5-imidazolinone glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of the fluorescent protein FP611 chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a methionine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. This modification is found in the GFP-like fluorescent chromoprotein from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor.


go_id: GO:0051360
term: peptide cross-linking via L-asparagine 5-imidazolinone glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of the fluorescent protein FP506 chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, an asparagine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.


go_id: GO:0051361
term: peptide cross-linking via L-lysine 5-imidazolinone glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a fluorescent protein chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a lysine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons.


go_id: GO:0051362
term: peptide cross-linking via 2-tetrahydropyridinyl-5-imidazolinone glycine
ontology: BP
definition:
The formation of a 2-tetrahydropyridinyl-5-imidazolinone protein chromophore cross-link from the alpha-carboxyl carbon of residue n, a lysine, to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+2, a glycine, and a dehydration to form a double bond to the alpha-amino nitrogen of residue n+1. This cross-linking is coupled with a dehydrogenation of residue n+1 to form a double bond between the alpha and beta carbons. In addition, the residue N lysine undergoes cyclization. The alpha-amino nitrogen is replaced by the epsilon-amino nitrogen, the peptide chain is broken, residue N-1 is released as an amide, and a double bond is formed between the alpha-carbon and the nitrogen so that a tetrahydropyridine ring results. This modification is found in the GFP-like fluorescent chromoprotein FP538 from the sea anemone Zoanthus species.


go_id: GO:0051363
term: peptidoglycan-protein cross-linking via L-alanyl-pentaglycyl-murein
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of linking a protein to peptidoglycan via a carboxy terminal alanine carboxyl group through a pentaglycyl peptide to the lysine or diaminopimelic acid of the peptidoglycan.


go_id: GO:0051365
term: cellular response to potassium ion starvation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of potassium ions.


go_id: GO:0051367
term: peptidyl-serine decanoylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The decanoylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O3-decanoyl-L-serine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


go_id: GO:0051368
term: peptidyl-threonine octanoylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The octanoylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O3-octanoyl-L-threonine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


go_id: GO:0051369
term: peptidyl-threonine decanoylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The decanoylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O3-decanoyl-L-threonine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


go_id: GO:0051371
term: muscle alpha-actinin binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with muscle isoforms of actinin. Muscle alpha-actinin isoforms are found in skeletal and cardiac muscle and are localized to the Z-disc.


go_id: GO:0051373
term: FATZ binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a member of the FATZ family of proteins, filamin-, actinin-, and telethonin-binding proteins of the Z-disc of striated muscle. FATZ proteins are located in the Z-disc of the sarcomere and are involved in a complex network of interactions with other Z-band components.


go_id: GO:0051377
term: mannose-ethanolamine phosphotransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of ethanolamine phosphate to a mannose residue in the GPI lipid precursor.


go_id: GO:0051378
term: serotonin binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.


go_id: GO:0051379
term: epinephrine binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine.


go_id: GO:0051380
term: norepinephrine binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with norepinephrine, (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol), a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.


go_id: GO:0051381
term: histamine binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans.


go_id: GO:0051382
term: kinetochore assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.


go_id: GO:0051383
term: kinetochore organization
ontology: BP
definition:
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.


go_id: GO:0051384
term: response to glucocorticoid
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.


go_id: GO:0051385
term: response to mineralocorticoid
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mineralocorticoid stimulus. Mineralocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol and characterized by their similarity to aldosterone. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance.


go_id: GO:0051386
term: regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0051387
term: negative regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0051388
term: positive regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway.


go_id: GO:0051391
term: tRNA acetylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of tRNA structure by addition of an acetyl group to tRNA. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


go_id: GO:0051392
term: tRNA N-acetyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + cytidine = CoA + N4-acetylcytidine. The cytidine is within the polynucleotide chain of a tRNA.


go_id: GO:0051393
term: alpha-actinin binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with alpha-actinin, one of a family of proteins that cross-link F-actin as antiparallel homodimers. Alpha-actinin has a molecular mass of 93-103 KDa; at the N-terminus there are two calponin homology domains, at the C-terminus there are two EF-hands. These two domains are connected by the rod domain. This domain is formed by triple-helical spectrin repeats.


go_id: GO:0051394
term: regulation of nerve growth factor receptor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor.


go_id: GO:0051395
term: negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor.


go_id: GO:0051396
term: positive regulation of nerve growth factor receptor activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor.


go_id: GO:0051400
term: BH domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domain of a protein. Bcl-2-related proteins share homology in one to four conserved regions designated the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4. These domains contribute at multiple levels to the function of these proteins in cell death and survival. Anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family have four BH domains (BH1-BH4). Pro-apoptotic members have fewer BH domains.


go_id: GO:0051401
term: CH domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the calponin homology domain of a protein, a domain of 100 residues that occurs in signaling and cytoskeletal proteins.


go_id: GO:0051402
term: neuron apoptotic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.


go_id: GO:0051403
term: stress-activated MAPK cascade
ontology: BP
definition:
A series of molecular signals in which a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade relays one or more of the signals; MAP kinase cascades involve at least three protein kinase activities and culminate in the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase.


go_id: GO:0051407
term: glycerone phosphate:inorganic phosphate antiporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycerone phosphate(out) + phosphate(in) = glycerone phosphate(in) + phosphate(out).


go_id: GO:0051408
term: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate:inorganic phosphate antiporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate(out) + phosphate(in) = glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate(in) + phosphate(out).


go_id: GO:0051409
term: response to nitrosative stress
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrosative stress stimulus. Nitrosative stress is a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


go_id: GO:0051410
term: detoxification of nitrogen compound
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of nitrogenous compounds which are dangerous or toxic. This includes the aerobic conversion of toxic compounds to harmless substances.


go_id: GO:0051412
term: response to corticosterone
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosterone stimulus. Corticosterone is a 21 carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type, produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. In many species, corticosterone is the principal glucocorticoid, involved in regulation of fuel metabolism, immune reactions, and stress responses.


go_id: GO:0051413
term: response to cortisone
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues.


go_id: GO:0051414
term: response to cortisol
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisol stimulus. Cortisol is the major natural glucocorticoid synthesized in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex; it affects the metabolism of glucose, protein, and fats and has appreciable mineralocorticoid activity. It also regulates the immune system and affects many other functions.


go_id: GO:0051415
term: interphase microtubule nucleation by interphase microtubule organizing center
ontology: BP
definition:
The 'de novo' formation of a microtubule by the interphase microtubule organizing center during interphase, the stage of cell cycle between successive rounds of chromosome segregation.


go_id: GO:0051421
term: regulation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endo-(1->4)-beta-xylanase activity, the catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in xylans.


go_id: GO:0051422
term: negative regulation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the rate of endo-(1->4)-beta-xylanase activity, the catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in xylans.


go_id: GO:0051423
term: positive regulation of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endo-(1->4)-beta-xylanase activity, the catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in xylans.


go_id: GO:0051424
term: corticotropin-releasing hormone binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with corticotropin-releasing hormone, a polypeptide hormone involved in the stress response. It is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary gland.


go_id: GO:0051425
term: PTB domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain of a protein.


go_id: GO:0051429
term: corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor for corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a polypeptide hormone involved in the stress response. It is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary gland.


go_id: GO:0051430
term: corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1). CRHR1 is the major subtype in the pituitary corticotroph, and mediates the stimulatory actions of corticotropin-releasing hormone on corticotropin hormone secretion. CRHR1 are also located in cortical areas of the brain, cerebellum and limbic system.


go_id: GO:0051431
term: corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 2 (CRHR2). The CRHR2 has several splice variants that are located in sub-cortical areas of the brain and in the periphery.


go_id: GO:0051432
term: BH1 domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH1 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. Proteins that act as inhibitors of apoptosis harbour at least three BH domains: BH1, BH2 and BH3; the BH1 and BH2 domains are found in all death antagonists of the Bcl-2 family but only in one class of death agonists.


go_id: GO:0051433
term: BH2 domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH2 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. Proteins that act as inhibitors of apoptosis harbour at least three BH domains: BH1, BH2 and BH3; the BH1 and BH2 domains are found in all death antagonists of the Bcl-2 family but only in one class of death agonists.


go_id: GO:0051434
term: BH3 domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH3 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. The BH3 domain is a potent death domain and has an important role in protein-protein interactions and in cell death.


go_id: GO:0051435
term: BH4 domain binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH4 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. All anti-apoptotic proteins contain BH1 and BH2 domains; some also contain an additional N-terminal BH4 domain, which is almost never seen in pro-apoptotic proteins. Loss of the BH4 domain can diminish or abrogate anti-apoptotic function or even impart outright death-promoting properties to the protein.


go_id: GO:0051436
term: negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051437
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle transition

definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle phase transition.


go_id: GO:0051439
term: regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
A cell cycle process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity that contributes to the mitotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051440
term: regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
A cell cycle process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity during the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051441
term: positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin ligase activity during the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051442
term: negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin ligase activity during the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051444
term: negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin transferase activity.


go_id: GO:0051446
term: positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051447
term: negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051448
term: gonadotropin-releasing hormone binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. GnRH is synthesized and released by the hypothalamus.


go_id: GO:0051449
term: thyrotropin-releasing hormone binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with thyrotropin-releasing hormone, a tripeptide hormone that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin by the anterior pituitary and it is produced by the hypothalamus and travels across the median eminence to the pituitary via the pituitary portal system.


go_id: GO:0051450
term: myoblast proliferation
ontology: BP
definition:
The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a myoblast cell population. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


go_id: GO:0051451
term: myoblast migration
ontology: BP
definition:
The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


go_id: GO:0051452
term: intracellular pH reduction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that reduces the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


go_id: GO:0051453
term: regulation of intracellular pH
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


go_id: GO:0051454
term: intracellular pH elevation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that increases the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


go_id: GO:0051455
term: attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in homologous chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during meiosis I. During meiosis I sister kinetochores are lying next to each other facing the same spindle pole and monopolar attachment of the chromatid to the spindle occurs.


go_id: GO:0051456
term: attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during meiosis II. During meiosis II sister kinetochores are situated facing opposite spindle poles and bipolar attachment of the sister chromosomes to the spindle occurs.


go_id: GO:0051457
term: maintenance of protein location in nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a protein is maintained in the nucleus and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration within the nucleus, protein stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that escape the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0051458
term: corticotropin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
The regulated release of corticotropin by a cell. Corticotropin hormone is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted from corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus.


go_id: GO:0051459
term: regulation of corticotropin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropic hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051460
term: negative regulation of corticotropin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropic hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051461
term: positive regulation of corticotropin secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051462
term: regulation of cortisol secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051463
term: negative regulation of cortisol secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051464
term: positive regulation of cortisol secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051465
term: negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051466
term: positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell.


go_id: GO:0051467
term: detection of steroid hormone stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events by which a steroid hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0051468
term: detection of glucocorticoid hormone stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events by which a glucocorticoid hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.


go_id: GO:0051469
term: vesicle fusion with vacuole
ontology: BP
definition:
The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle with the lipid bilayer membrane around the vacuole.


go_id: GO:0051470
term: ectoine transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of ectoine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid) is a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.


go_id: GO:0051471
term: ectoine transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of ectoine from one side of the membrane to the other. Ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid) is a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.


go_id: GO:0051472
term: glucosylglycerol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


go_id: GO:0051473
term: glucosylglycerol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


go_id: GO:0051474
term: glucosylglycerol transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the transfer of a glucosylglycerol from one side of the membrane to the other. A glucosylglycerol is an alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


go_id: GO:0051475
term: glucosylglycerol transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051476
term: mannosylglycerate transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of mannosylglycerate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051478
term: mannosylglycerate metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosylglycerate, a very common compatible solute in thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms.


go_id: GO:0051479
term: mannosylglycerate biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannosylglycerate, a very common compatible solute in thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms.


go_id: GO:0051480
term: cytosolic calcium ion homeostasis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the cytosol of a cell or between the cytosol and its surroundings.


go_id: GO:0051482
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled signaling pathway

definition:
Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol that occurs as part of a PLC-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. G-protein-activated PLC hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphate (PIP2) to release diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3). IP3 then binds to calcium release channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to trigger calcium ion release into the cytosol.


go_id: GO:0051483
term: terpenoid biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, independent of mevalonate. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in terpenoid biosynthesis, and in mevalonate-independent biosynthesis, it is produced from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051484
ontology: BP
term:
isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway involved in terpenoid biosynthetic process

definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway that contributes to terpenoid biosynthesis. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051485
term: terpenoid biosynthetic process, mevalonate-dependent
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids via isopentenyl diphosphate, synthesized by the mevalonate pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in terpenoid biosynthesis, and in mevalonate-dependent terpenoid biosynthesis, acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, is converted to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) through a series of mevalonate intermediates.


go_id: GO:0051486
ontology: BP
term:
isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway involved in terpenoid biosynthetic process

definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate pathway that contributes to terpenoid biosynthesis. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) through a series of mevalonate intermediates.


go_id: GO:0051487
term: activation of anaphase-promoting complex activity involved in meiotic cell cycle
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that initiates the ubiquitin ligase activity of the anaphase-promoting complex during the meiotic cell cycle.


go_id: GO:0051489
term: regulation of filopodium assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


go_id: GO:0051490
term: negative regulation of filopodium assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


go_id: GO:0051491
term: positive regulation of filopodium assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


go_id: GO:0051492
term: regulation of stress fiber assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.


go_id: GO:0051493
term: regulation of cytoskeleton organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.


go_id: GO:0051494
term: negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.


go_id: GO:0051495
term: positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.


go_id: GO:0051496
term: positive regulation of stress fiber assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.


go_id: GO:0051497
term: negative regulation of stress fiber assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.


go_id: GO:0051499
term: D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: D-aminoacyl-tRNA = D-amino acid + tRNA. Hydrolysis of the removal of D-amino acids from residues in charged tRNA.


go_id: GO:0051500
term: D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) = D-tyrosine + tRNA(Tyr). Hydrolysis of the removal of D-tyrosine from tyrosine residues in charged tRNA.


go_id: GO:0051501
term: diterpene phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving diterpene phytoalexins, a class of diterpene formed in plants in response to fungal infection, physical damage, chemical injury, or a pathogenic process; they are sometimes referred to as plant antibiotics. Diterpenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing 20 carbon atoms and 4 branched methyl groups and are made up of isoprenoid units.


go_id: GO:0051502
term: diterpene phytoalexin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpene phytoalexins, terpenoids with 20 carbons produced by plants in response to environmental stresses.


go_id: GO:0051503
term: adenine nucleotide transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of adenine nucleotides, ATP, ADP, and/or AMP, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051504
term: diterpene phytoalexin precursor biosynthetic process pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
A branched pathway that produces the precursors to four structurally distinct types of polycyclic diterpenes. The pathway starts with the cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate into ent-copalyl diphosphate and syn-copalyl diphosphate. The catalytic conversion by diterpene cyclases of these two compounds produces the four diterpene hydrocarbons which are precursors to the four structurally distinct classes of diterpene phytoalexins.


go_id: GO:0051510
term: regulation of unidimensional cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of unidimensional cell growth, the process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one [spatial] dimension or along one axis.


go_id: GO:0051511
term: negative regulation of unidimensional cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of unidimensional cell growth, the process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one [spatial] dimension or along one axis.


go_id: GO:0051512
term: positive regulation of unidimensional cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of unidimensional cell growth, the process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one [spatial] dimension or along one axis.


go_id: GO:0051513
term: regulation of monopolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monopolar cell growth, polarized growth from one end of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051514
term: negative regulation of monopolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monopolar cell growth, polarized growth from one end of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051515
term: positive regulation of monopolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monopolar cell growth, polarized growth from one end of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051516
term: regulation of bipolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bipolar cell growth, polarized growth from both ends of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051517
term: negative regulation of bipolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bipolar cell growth, polarized growth from both ends of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051518
term: positive regulation of bipolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bipolar cell growth, polarized growth from both ends of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051519
term: activation of bipolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that initiates the inactive process of bipolar cell growth, polarized growth from both ends of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051520
term: termination of bipolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops the active process of bipolar cell growth, polarized growth from both ends of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051521
term: termination of monopolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops the active process of bipolar cell growth, polarized growth from one end of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051522
term: activation of monopolar cell growth
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that initiates the inactive process of monopolar cell growth, polarized growth from one end of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051525
term: NFAT protein binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) proteins, a family of transcription factors. NFAT proteins have crucial roles in the development and function of the immune system.


go_id: GO:0051531
term: NFAT protein import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) proteins, a family of transcription factors, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. NFAT proteins are dephosphorylated in the cytoplasm by activated calcineurin, which leads to their translocation across the nuclear membrane.


go_id: GO:0051532
term: regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of an NFAT protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0051533
term: positive regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of an NFAT protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0051534
term: negative regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of an NFAT protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.


go_id: GO:0051536
term: iron-sulfur cluster binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms.


go_id: GO:0051537
term: 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 2 iron, 2 sulfur (2Fe-2S) cluster; this cluster consists of two iron atoms, with two inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands.


go_id: GO:0051538
term: 3 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 3 iron, 4 sulfur (3Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of three iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands. It is essentially a 4Fe-4S cluster with one iron missing.


go_id: GO:0051539
term: 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands.


go_id: GO:0051540
term: metal cluster binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cluster of atoms including both metal ions and nonmetal atoms, usually sulfur and oxygen. Examples include iron-sulfur clusters and nickel-iron-sulfur clusters.


go_id: GO:0051541
term: elastin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving elastin, a glycoprotein which is randomly coiled and crosslinked to form elastic fibers that are found in connective tissue.


go_id: GO:0051542
term: elastin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of elastin, a fibrous glycoprotein found in elastic tissues such as the walls of arteries.


go_id: GO:0051543
term: regulation of elastin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of elastin.


go_id: GO:0051544
term: positive regulation of elastin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of elastin.


go_id: GO:0051545
term: negative regulation of elastin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of elastin.


go_id: GO:0051546
term: keratinocyte migration
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a keratinocyte, epidermal cells which synthesize keratin, from one site to another.


go_id: GO:0051548
term: negative regulation of keratinocyte migration
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte migration.


go_id: GO:0051550
term: aurone metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving aurones, a series of plant flavonoids that provide a yellow colour to flowers. They have the basic skeletal structure of two benzene rings joined by a linear C3 chain (C6-C3-C6). Aurones exist mostly as 6-O-glucosides.


go_id: GO:0051551
term: aurone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aurones, a series of yellow plant pigments.


go_id: GO:0051552
term: flavone metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavones, a class of pigmented plant compounds based on 2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (2-phenylchromone).


go_id: GO:0051553
term: flavone biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavones, a class of pigmented plant compounds based on 2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (2-phenylchromone).


go_id: GO:0051554
term: flavonol metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonols, a member of a class of vascular pigments formed by consecutive oxidative processes from the flavonoid intermediates flavanones and dihydroflavonols. Flavonols are the most widespread of the flavonoids and have a wide array of physiological activities.


go_id: GO:0051555
term: flavonol biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonols, a member of a class of vascular pigments formed by consecutive oxidative processes from the flavonoid intermediates flavanones and dihydroflavonols. Flavonols are the most widespread of the flavonoids and have a wide array of physiological activities.


go_id: GO:0051556
term: leucoanthocyanidin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving leucoanthocyanidins, a class of colorless intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of the pigmented flavonoids.


go_id: GO:0051557
term: leucoanthocyanidin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leucoanthocyanidins, a class of colorless intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of the pigmented flavonoids.


go_id: GO:0051558
term: phlobaphene metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phlobaphenes, red pigments with oligomeric or polymeric structure derived from the flavonoid intermediate flavan-4-ols.


go_id: GO:0051559
term: phlobaphene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phlobaphenes, red pigments with oligomeric or polymeric structure derived from the flavonoid intermediate flavan-4-ols.


go_id: GO:0051560
term: mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the cytoplasm of a cell or between mitochondria and their surroundings.


go_id: GO:0051563
term: smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of a cell or between the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and its surroundings.


go_id: GO:0051566
term: anthocyanidin-3-glucoside rhamnosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: anthocyanidin 3-glucoside + UDP-rhamnose = anthocyanidin 3-rutinoside + UDP.


go_id: GO:0051567
term: histone H3-K9 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 9 of the histone.


go_id: GO:0051568
term: histone H3-K4 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 4 of the histone.


go_id: GO:0051569
term: regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.


go_id: GO:0051570
term: regulation of histone H3-K9 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 9 of histone H3.


go_id: GO:0051571
term: positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.


go_id: GO:0051572
term: negative regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.


go_id: GO:0051573
term: negative regulation of histone H3-K9 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 9 of histone H3.


go_id: GO:0051574
term: positive regulation of histone H3-K9 methylation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 9 of histone H3.


go_id: GO:0051575
term: 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the beta-elimination of the 5' deoxyribose-5-phosphate at an abasic site in DNA where a DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase has already cleaved the C-O-P bond 3' to the apurinic or apyrimidinic site.


go_id: GO:0051580
term: regulation of neurotransmitter uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051581
term: negative regulation of neurotransmitter uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051582
term: positive regulation of neurotransmitter uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051583
term: dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of dopamine into a presynaptic neuron or glial cell. In this context, dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.


go_id: GO:0051584
term: regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051585
term: negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a presynaptic neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051586
term: positive regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051588
term: regulation of neurotransmitter transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051589
term: negative regulation of neurotransmitter transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051590
term: positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051591
term: response to cAMP
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051592
term: response to calcium ion
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051593
term: response to folic acid
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051594
term: detection of glucose
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a glucose stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0051595
term: response to methylglyoxal
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal.


go_id: GO:0051596
term: methylglyoxal catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.


go_id: GO:0051597
term: response to methylmercury
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylmercury stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051598
term: meiotic recombination checkpoint
ontology: BP
definition:
A checkpoint that acts during late prophase I (pachytene) and prevents segregation of homologous chromosomes until recombination is completed, ensuring proper distribution of the genetic material to the gametes.


go_id: GO:0051599
term: response to hydrostatic pressure
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrostatic pressure stimulus. Hydrostatic pressure is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is at rest (as opposed to moving). The weight of the fluid above the object creates pressure on it.


go_id: GO:0051600
term: regulation of endocytosis by exocyst localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an exocyst is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location that results in the modulation of endocytosis. An exocyst is a protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse.


go_id: GO:0051601
term: exocyst localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an exocyst is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. An exocyst is a protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse.


go_id: GO:0051602
term: response to electrical stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051606
term: detection of stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal.


go_id: GO:0051607
term: defense response to virus
ontology: BP
definition:
Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism.


go_id: GO:0051608
term: histamine transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of histamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans.


go_id: GO:0051609
term: inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051610
term: serotonin uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of serotonin into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems.


go_id: GO:0051611
term: regulation of serotonin uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051612
term: negative regulation of serotonin uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of serotonin into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051613
term: positive regulation of serotonin uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of serotonin into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051615
term: histamine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of histamine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans.


go_id: GO:0051616
term: regulation of histamine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter histamine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051617
term: negative regulation of histamine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of histamine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051618
term: positive regulation of histamine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of histamine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051620
term: norepinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.


go_id: GO:0051621
term: regulation of norepinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051622
term: negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051623
term: positive regulation of norepinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051625
term: epinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of epinephrine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Epinephrine is a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine.


go_id: GO:0051626
term: regulation of epinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter epinephrine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051627
term: negative regulation of epinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of epinephrine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051628
term: positive regulation of epinephrine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of epinephrine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051630
term: acetylcholine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


go_id: GO:0051631
term: regulation of acetylcholine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051632
term: negative regulation of acetylcholine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051633
term: positive regulation of acetylcholine uptake
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell.


go_id: GO:0051638
term: barbed-end actin filament uncapping
ontology: BP
definition:
The removal of capping protein from the barbed (or plus) end of actin filaments to free the ends for addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


go_id: GO:0051639
term: actin filament network formation
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly of a network of actin filaments; actin filaments on different axes and with differing orientations are crosslinked together to form a mesh of filaments.


go_id: GO:0051641
term: cellular localization
ontology: BP
definition:
A localization process that takes place at the cellular level; as a result of a cellular localization process, a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.


go_id: GO:0051642
term: centrosome localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a centrosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051643
term: endoplasmic reticulum localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which endoplasmic reticulum is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051644
term: plastid localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a plastid is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051645
term: Golgi localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the Golgi is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051646
term: mitochondrion localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a mitochondrion or mitochondria are transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051647
term: nucleus localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the nucleus is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051648
term: vesicle localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a vesicle or vesicles are transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location.


go_id: GO:0051649
term: establishment of localization in cell
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell.


go_id: GO:0051651
term: maintenance of location in cell
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051652
term: maintenance of chromosome location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a chromosome is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051655
term: maintenance of vesicle location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a vesicle is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051657
term: maintenance of organelle location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organelle is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051658
term: maintenance of nucleus location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the nucleus is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051659
term: maintenance of mitochondrion location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a mitochondrion is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051661
term: maintenance of centrosome location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a centrosome is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051663
term: oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell during the establishment and maintenance of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte.


go_id: GO:0051665
term: membrane raft localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which membrane rafts are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes.


go_id: GO:0051666
term: actin cortical patch localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which actin cortical patches are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. An actin cortical patch is a discrete actin-containing structure found just beneath the plasma membrane in fungal cells.


go_id: GO:0051668
term: localization within membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a membrane.


go_id: GO:0051669
term: fructan beta-fructosidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing 2,1- and 2,6-linked beta-D-fructofuranose residues in fructans.


go_id: GO:0051671
term: induction of autolysin activity in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme autolysin in another organism. The autolysin enzyme belongs to, and is active in, the other organism.


go_id: GO:0051672
term: catabolism by organism of cell wall peptidoglycan in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the cell wall peptidoglycans of another organism.


go_id: GO:0051673
term: membrane disruption in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The disruption of the membranes of another organism, leading to damage to its cells and possibly death of that organism.


go_id: GO:0051676
term: pullulan metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


go_id: GO:0051677
term: pullulan biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


go_id: GO:0051678
term: pullulan catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


go_id: GO:0051680
term: 6-alpha-maltosylglucose biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 6-alpha-maltosylglucose, also known as isopanose.


go_id: GO:0051681
term: 6-alpha-maltosylglucose catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-alpha-maltosylglucose, also known as isopanose.


go_id: GO:0051682
term: galactomannan catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-galactosyl and D-mannosyl. The mannosyl units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-galactosyl as single side units.


go_id: GO:0051684
term: maintenance of Golgi location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the Golgi is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051685
term: maintenance of ER location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the endoplasmic reticulum is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051687
term: maintenance of spindle location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which the spindle is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051688
term: maintenance of plastid location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a plastid is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051689
term: multicellular organismal oligosaccharide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages, in multicellular organisms, occurring at the tissue, organ, or organismal level.


go_id: GO:0051690
term: multicellular organismal oligosaccharide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages, in multicellular organisms, occurring at the tissue, organ, or organismal level.


go_id: GO:0051691
term: cellular oligosaccharide metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages, as carried out by individual cells.


go_id: GO:0051692
term: cellular oligosaccharide catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages, as carried out by individual cells.


go_id: GO:0051693
term: actin filament capping
ontology: BP
definition:
The binding of a protein or protein complex to the end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


go_id: GO:0051694
term: pointed-end actin filament capping
ontology: BP
definition:
The binding of a protein or protein complex to the pointed (or minus) end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


go_id: GO:0051695
term: actin filament uncapping
ontology: BP
definition:
The removal of capping protein from the end of actin filaments to free the ends for addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


go_id: GO:0051696
term: pointed-end actin filament uncapping
ontology: BP
definition:
The removal of capping protein from the pointed (or minus) end of actin filaments to free the ends for addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


go_id: GO:0051698
term: saccharopine oxidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + O2 = L-2-aminoadipic 6-semialdehyde + L-glutamate + H2O2.


go_id: GO:0051701
term: interaction with host
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association. The term host is used for the larger (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis; the various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, commensalism and mutualism.


go_id: GO:0051702
term: interaction with symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association. The term symbiont is used for the smaller (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis; the various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, commensalism and mutualism.


go_id: GO:0051705
term: multi-organism behavior
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism has a behavioral effect on another organism of the same or different species.


go_id: GO:0051708
term: intracellular protein transport in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism's proteins within a cell of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051709
term: regulation of killing of cells of other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism.


go_id: GO:0051710
term: regulation of cytolysis in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis by an organism of cells in another organism.


go_id: GO:0051711
term: negative regulation of killing of cells of other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism.


go_id: GO:0051712
term: positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism.


go_id: GO:0051713
term: negative regulation of cytolysis in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis of cells in another organism.


go_id: GO:0051714
term: positive regulation of cytolysis in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis by an organism of cells in another organism.


go_id: GO:0051715
term: cytolysis in other organism
ontology: BP
definition:
The killing by an organism of a cell in another organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm.


go_id: GO:0051716
term: cellular response to stimulus
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell.


go_id: GO:0051717
term: inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate + phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051718
term: DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpG substrates
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + CpG (in DNA) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-MeCpG (in DNA).


go_id: GO:0051719
term: DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpN substrates
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing CpN = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-MeCpN.


go_id: GO:0051720
term: DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpNpG substrates
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing CpNpG = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-MeCpNpG.


go_id: GO:0051722
term: protein C-terminal methylesterase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: C-terminal protein amino acid methyl ester + H2O = protein amino acid + methanol.


go_id: GO:0051724
term: NAD transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the directed movement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells; transport may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.


go_id: GO:0051731
term: polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: NTP + 5'-dephosphopolynucleotide = NDP + 5'-phosphopolynucleotide. The polynucleotide may be DNA or RNA.


go_id: GO:0051734
term: ATP-dependent polynucleotide kinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 5'-dephosphopolynucleotide = ADP + 5'-phosphopolynucleotide. The polynucleotide may be DNA or RNA.


go_id: GO:0051735
term: GTP-dependent polynucleotide kinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + 5'-dephosphopolynucleotide = GDP + 5'-phosphopolynucleotide. The polynucleotide may be DNA or RNA.


go_id: GO:0051738
term: xanthophyll binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with xanthophylls, any of several neutral yellow to orange carotenoid pigments containing oxygen.


go_id: GO:0051740
term: ethylene binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator.


go_id: GO:0051741
term: 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-methionine = 2,3-dimethyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0051742
term: 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-methionine = 2,3-dimethyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0051743
term: red chlorophyll catabolite reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: red chlorophyll catabolite + reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+ = primary fluorescent catabolite + oxidized ferredoxin. This reaction is the reduction of the C20/C1 double bond in the pyrrole system of red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC) to a colorless tetrapyrrole (pFCC) with a strong blue fluorescence.


go_id: GO:0051744
term: 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: divinyl protochlorophyllide a + NADPH + H+ = monovinyl protochlorophyllide a + NADP+.


go_id: GO:0051745
term: 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + NAD(P)H + H+ = isopentenyl diphosphate + NAD(P)+ + H2O. Note that (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate is an alternative name for 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate.


go_id: GO:0051746
term: thalianol synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the cyclization of 3(S)-oxidosqualene to (3S,13S,14R)-malabarica-8,17,21-trien-3-ol (thalianol).


go_id: GO:0051747
term: cytosine C-5 DNA demethylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: methyl-dCpdG DNA + H2O = dCpdG DNA + methanol. This reaction is the hydrolytic removal of the methyl group on the 5 position of cytosine in DNA.


go_id: GO:0051749
term: indole acetic acid carboxyl methyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: indole acetic acid + S-adenosyl-methionine = methyl indole acetic acid ester + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


go_id: GO:0051751
term: alpha-1,4-mannosyltransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->4) linkage.


go_id: GO:0051752
term: phosphoglucan, water dikinase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + [phospho-alpha-glucan] + H2O = AMP + O-phospho-[phospho-alpha-glucan] + phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051753
term: mannan synthase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: mannan(n) + GDP-mannose = mannan(n+1) + GDP. This reaction is the formation of the beta-(1->4)-linked mannan backbone in substrates such as galactomannan.


go_id: GO:0051755
term: meiotic sister chromatid arm separation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which sister chromatid arms are physically detached from each other during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051756
term: meiotic sister chromatid centromere separation
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which the centromeres of sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051758
term: homologous chromosome movement towards spindle pole involved in homologous chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of homologous chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, that contributes to meiosis I.


go_id: GO:0051759
term: sister chromosome movement towards spindle pole involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of sister chromosomes from the center of the spindle towards the spindle poles, mediated by the shortening of microtubules attached to the chromosomes, during meiosis II.


go_id: GO:0051760
term: meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, arms
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the length of the chromosome arms during meiosis.


go_id: GO:0051761
term: sesquiterpene metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving sesquiterpenes, any of a class of terpenes of the formula C15H24 or a derivative of such a terpene.


go_id: GO:0051762
term: sesquiterpene biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sesquiterpenes, any of a class of terpenes of the formula C15H24 or a derivative of such a terpene.


go_id: GO:0051763
term: sesquiterpene catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sesquiterpenes, any of a class of terpenes of the formula C15H24 or a derivative of such a terpene.


go_id: GO:0051764
term: actin crosslink formation
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which two or more actin filaments are connected together by proteins that act as crosslinks between the filaments. The crosslinked filaments may be on the same or differing axes.


go_id: GO:0051767
term: nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric-oxide synthase, an enzyme which catalyzes the reaction L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+.


go_id: GO:0051769
term: regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric-oxide synthase enzyme.


go_id: GO:0051770
term: positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric oxide synthase enzyme.


go_id: GO:0051771
term: negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric-oxide synthase enzyme.


go_id: GO:0051775
term: response to redox state
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important.


go_id: GO:0051776
term: detection of redox state
ontology: BP
definition:
The series of events in which a chemical stimulus indicating redox state is received and converted into a molecular signal. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important.


go_id: GO:0051777
term: ent-kaurenoate oxidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ent-kaurenoate + NADPH + O2 = ent-7-alpha-hydroxykaurenoate + NADP+ + H2O. This is the first of three successive reactions resulting in the oxidation of ent-kaurenoate (ent-kaurenoic acid) to gibberellin 12 (GA12).


go_id: GO:0051778
term: ent-7-alpha-hydroxykaurenoate oxidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: ent-7-alpha-hydroxykaurenoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = gibberellin 12-aldehyde + NADP+ + 2 H2O. This is the second of three successive reactions resulting in the oxidation of ent-kaurenoate (ent-kaurenoic acid) to gibberellin 12 (GA12).


go_id: GO:0051779
term: gibberellin 12-aldehyde oxidase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin 12-aldehyde + NADPH + H+ + O2 = gibberellin 12 + NADP+ + H2O. This is the third of three successive reactions resulting in the oxidation of ent-kaurenoate (ent-kaurenoic acid) to gibberellin 12 (GA12).


go_id: GO:0051780
term: behavioral response to nutrient
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a nutrient stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051783
term: regulation of nuclear division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear division, the partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information.


go_id: GO:0051784
term: negative regulation of nuclear division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear division, the partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information.


go_id: GO:0051785
term: positive regulation of nuclear division
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear division, the partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information.


go_id: GO:0051786
term: all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH(2). Note that this reaction has only been observed to occur in the opposite direction.


go_id: GO:0051788
term: response to misfolded protein
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a misfolded protein stimulus.


go_id: GO:0070848
term: response to growth factor
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051790
term: short-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids with a chain length of less than C6.


go_id: GO:0051791
term: medium-chain fatty acid metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving medium-chain fatty acids, any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12.


go_id: GO:0051792
term: medium-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12.


go_id: GO:0051793
term: medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12.


go_id: GO:0051794
term: regulation of catagen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051795
term: positive regulation of catagen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051796
term: negative regulation of catagen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051799
term: negative regulation of hair follicle development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development.


go_id: GO:0051800
term: phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate + phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051801
term: cytolysis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The killing by an organism of a cell in a second organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051802
term: regulation of cytolysis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis by that organism of cells in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051803
term: negative regulation of cytolysis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051804
term: positive regulation of cytolysis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051805
term: evasion or tolerance of immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism avoids the immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051806
term: entry into cell of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The invasion by an organism of a cell of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051807
term: evasion or tolerance of defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process, either active or passive, by which an organism avoids or tolerates the effects of a second organism's defense response; the defense response is mounted by the second organism in response to the presence of the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051808
term: translocation of peptides or proteins into other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of peptides or proteins produced by an organism to a location inside a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051809
term: passive evasion of immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism avoids the immune response of a second organism without directly interfering with the second organism's immune system, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051810
term: active evasion of immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism avoids the immune response of a second organism which directly affects the second organism's immune system, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051811
ontology: BP
term:
active evasion of immune response of other organism via regulation of complement system of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism avoids the immune response of a second organism by regulating the second organism's complement system, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051812
ontology: BP
term:
active evasion of immune response of other organism via regulation of cytokine network of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism avoids the immune response of a second organism by regulating the second organism's cytokine networks, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051813
ontology: BP
term:
active evasion of immune response of other organism via regulation of antigen processing and presentation in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism avoids the immune response of a second organism by regulating the second organism's antigen processing or presentation pathways, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051814
term: movement in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism or its progeny spreads from one location to another within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051815
term: migration in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directional movement of an organism from one place to another within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051816
term: acquisition of nutrients from other organism during symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The production of structures and/or molecules in an organism that are required for the acquisition and/or utilization of nutrients obtained from a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051817
term: modification of morphology or physiology of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051818
term: disruption of cells of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
A process in which an organism has a negative effect on the functioning of the second organism's cells, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051819
term: induction of tumor, nodule, or growth in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism causes the formation of a mass of cells in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051820
ontology: BP
term:
induction of tumor, nodule, or growth containing transformed cells in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The process in which an organism causes the formation in a second organism of a growth whose cells have been transformed and continue to exist in the absence of the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051821
term: dissemination or transmission of organism from other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of an organism from a second organism to another place in the environment, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. The first organism may also move to a different organism.


go_id: GO:0051822
ontology: BP
term:
dissemination or transmission of organism from other organism by vector involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The movement of an organism from a second organism to another place in the environment by means of a vector, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. The first organism may also move to a different organism, and the vector organism is often an insect or an animal.


go_id: GO:0051823
term: regulation of synapse structural plasticity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse structural plasticity. Synapse structural plasticity is a type of cytoskeletal remodeling; this remodeling is induced by stimuli that can lead to long term potentiation and it can be activity-dependent or -independent. Examples of cytoskeletal changes include the formation of new spines and increase in spine size; this can be accompanied by the insertion of greater numbers of glutamate (or other neurotransmitter) receptors into the post-synaptic membrane.


go_id: GO:0051824
term: recognition of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The set of specific processes that allow an organism to detect the presence of a second organism via physical or chemical signals, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051826
term: negative regulation of synapse structural plasticity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synapse structural plasticity.


go_id: GO:0051828
term: entry into other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Penetration by an organism into the body, tissues, or cells of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051829
term: entry into other organism through natural portals involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Penetration by an organism into a second organism via naturally occurring openings in the second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051830
term: entry into other organism through barriers of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Penetration by an organism into a second organism via active breaching of physical barriers, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051832
term: avoidance of defenses of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process, either constitutive or induced, by which an organism evades, minimizes, or suppresses the effects of a second organism's defense(s), where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051833
term: suppression of defenses of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the defense(s) of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. Suppression occurs by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of pathways in the second organism.


go_id: GO:0051834
term: evasion or tolerance of defenses of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process, either active or passive, by which an organism avoids or tolerates the effects of a second organism's defense(s), where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. Defenses may be induced by the presence of the organism or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers).


go_id: GO:0051835
term: positive regulation of synapse structural plasticity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic structural plasticity.


go_id: GO:0051836
term: translocation of molecules into other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a molecule(s) produced by an organism to a location inside a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051837
term: translocation of DNA into other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of DNA from an organism to a location inside a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051838
term: cytolysis by host of symbiont cells
ontology: BP
definition:
The killing by an organism of a cell in its symbiont organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051839
term: regulation by host of cytolysis of symbiont cells
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis by that organism of cells in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051840
term: negative regulation by host of cytolysis of symbiont cells
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051841
term: positive regulation by host of cytolysis of symbiont cells
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051844
term: translocation of peptides or proteins into symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of peptides or proteins produced by an organism to a location inside the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051850
term: acquisition of nutrients from symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The production of structures and/or molecules in an organism that are required for the acquisition and/or utilization of nutrients obtained from its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051851
term: modification by host of symbiont morphology or physiology
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051852
term: disruption by host of symbiont cells
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism has a negative effect on the functioning of the symbiont's cells. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051855
term: recognition of symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The set of specific processes that allow an organism to detect the presence of its symbiont via physical or chemical signals. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051858
term: avoidance of symbiont defenses
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process, either constitutive or induced, by which an organism evades, minimizes, or suppresses the effects of its symbiont organism's defense(s). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051859
term: suppression of symbiont defenses
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont defense(s) by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of a symbiont pathway. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051860
term: evasion or tolerance of symbiont defenses
ontology: BP
definition:
The process, either active or passive, by which an organism evades or tolerates the effects of the defense(s) or defense molecules of a symbiont organism. Symbiont defenses may be induced by the presence of the organism or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051861
term: glycolipid binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a glycolipid, any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic group such as an acylglycerol, a sphingoid, a ceramide (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051862
term: translocation of molecules into symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of molecule(s) produced by an organism to a location inside the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051864
term: histone demethylase activity (H3-K36 specific)
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 36) + alpha-ketoglutarate + O2 = succinate + CO2 + formaldehyde + lysine. This reaction is the removal of a methyl group from lysine at position 36 of the histone H3 protein.


go_id: GO:0051865
term: protein autoubiquitination
ontology: BP
definition:
The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink.


go_id: GO:0051866
term: general adaptation syndrome
ontology: BP
definition:
General adaptation syndrome is the set of changes in various organ systems of the body, especially the pituitary-endocrine system, in response to a wide range of strong external stimuli, both physiological and psychological. It is described as having three stages: alarm reaction, where the body detects the external stimulus; adaptation, where the body engages defensive countermeasures against the stressor; and exhaustion, where the body begins to run out of defenses.


go_id: GO:0051867
term: general adaptation syndrome, behavioral process
ontology: BP
definition:
The set of behavioral processes that occur as part of the general adaptation syndrome, the response of the body to a strong, stressful stimulus.


go_id: GO:0051870
term: methotrexate binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with methotrexate, an antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of tetrahydrofolate reductase and prevents the formation of tetrahydrofolate, necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA.


go_id: GO:0051871
term: dihydrofolic acid binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with dihydrofolic acid, a folic acid in which the bicyclic pteridine structure is in the dihydro, partially reduced form; they are intermediates in folate metabolism and are reduced to their tetrahydro, reduced forms.


go_id: GO:0051872
term: sphingosine catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingosine (sphing-4-enine), trans-D-erytho-2-amino-octadec-4-ene-1,3-diol, a long chain amino diol sphingoid base that occurs in most sphingolipids in animal tissues.


go_id: GO:0051873
term: killing by host of symbiont cells
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process mediated by an organism that results in the death of cells in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051874
term: sphinganine-1-phosphate catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.


go_id: GO:0051875
term: pigment granule localization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a pigment granule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


go_id: GO:0051878
term: lateral element assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
The cell cycle process in which lateral elements are formed. Axial elements form a proteinaceous core between the two sister chromatids of each chromosome; the two axial elements then connect along their entire lengths by fine fibers known as transverse filaments, forming the lateral elements.


go_id: GO:0051880
term: G-quadruplex DNA binding
ontology: MF
definition:
Interacting selectively and non-covalently with G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad. The stacking of guanine tetrads results in G-quadruplex DNA structures. G-quadruplex DNA can form under physiological conditions from some G-rich sequences, such as those found in telomeres, immunoglobulin switch regions, gene promoters, fragile X repeats, and the dimerization domain in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome.


go_id: GO:0051881
term: regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across the mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


go_id: GO:0051882
term: mitochondrial depolarization
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which the potential difference across the mitochondrial membrane is reduced from its steady state level.


go_id: GO:0051883
term: killing of cells in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process mediated by an organism that results in the death of cells in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0051884
term: regulation of anagen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051885
term: positive regulation of anagen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051886
term: negative regulation of anagen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051887
term: regulation of exogen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051888
term: positive regulation of exogen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051889
term: negative regulation of exogen
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle.


go_id: GO:0051890
term: regulation of cardioblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


go_id: GO:0051891
term: positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


go_id: GO:0051892
term: negative regulation of cardioblast differentiation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


go_id: GO:0051893
term: regulation of focal adhesion assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion formation, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.


go_id: GO:0051894
term: positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.


go_id: GO:0051895
term: negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.


go_id: GO:0051896
term: regulation of protein kinase B signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.


go_id: GO:0051897
term: positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.


go_id: GO:0051898
term: negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase B signaling, a series of reactions mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B.


go_id: GO:0051899
term: membrane depolarization
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which membrane potential decreases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more positive potential. For example, the initial depolarization during the rising phase of an action potential is in the direction from the negative steady-state resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


go_id: GO:0051900
term: regulation of mitochondrial depolarization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the change in the membrane potential of the mitochondria from negative to positive.


go_id: GO:0051901
term: positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the change in the membrane potential of the mitochondria from negative to positive.


go_id: GO:0051902
term: negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the change in the membrane potential of the mitochondria from negative to positive.


go_id: GO:0051904
term: pigment granule transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of pigment granules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051906
term: maintenance of pigment granule location
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which a pigment granule is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere.


go_id: GO:0051908
term: double-stranded DNA 5'-3' exodeoxyribonuclease activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5' terminus of a double-stranded DNA molecule.


go_id: GO:0051913
term: regulation of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a chemical substance modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


go_id: GO:0051914
term: positive regulation of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a chemical substance increases synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


go_id: GO:0051915
term: induction of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a chemical substance activates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


go_id: GO:0051917
term: regulation of fibrinolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots.


go_id: GO:0051918
term: negative regulation of fibrinolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots.


go_id: GO:0051919
term: positive regulation of fibrinolysis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots.


go_id: GO:0051921
term: adenosylcobyric acid synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 4 L-glutamine + adenosylcob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide + 4 ATP + 4 H(2)O = 4 L-glutamate + adenosylcobyrate + 4 ADP + 8 H(+) + 4 phosphate.


go_id: GO:0051922
term: cholesterol sulfotransferase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + cholesterol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + cholesterol sulfate.


go_id: GO:0051924
term: regulation of calcium ion transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051926
term: negative regulation of calcium ion transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051928
term: positive regulation of calcium ion transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051930
term: regulation of sensory perception of pain
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.


go_id: GO:0051931
term: regulation of sensory perception
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception, the series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.


go_id: GO:0051932
term: synaptic transmission, GABAergic
ontology: BP
definition:
The process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).


go_id: GO:0051933
term: amino acid neurotransmitter reuptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The uptake of amino acid neurotransmitters by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.


go_id: GO:0051934
term: catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
The uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.


go_id: GO:0051935
term: glutamate reuptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The uptake of L-glutamate by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.


go_id: GO:0051936
term: gamma-aminobutyric acid reuptake
ontology: BP
definition:
The uptake of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) by neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.


go_id: GO:0051937
term: catecholamine transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of catecholamines, a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.


go_id: GO:0051938
term: L-glutamate import
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of L-glutamate, the L-enantiomer of the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid, into a cell or organelle.


go_id: GO:0051940
term: regulation of catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of catecholamine neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051941
term: regulation of amino acid uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acid neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051942
term: negative regulation of amino acid uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acid neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051943
term: positive regulation of amino acid uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acid neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051944
term: positive regulation of catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of catecholamine neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051945
term: negative regulation of catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of catecholamine neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051946
term: regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051947
term: regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051948
term: negative regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051949
term: negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051950
term: positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051951
term: positive regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell.


go_id: GO:0051952
term: regulation of amine transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051953
term: negative regulation of amine transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051954
term: positive regulation of amine transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051955
term: regulation of amino acid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051956
term: negative regulation of amino acid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051957
term: positive regulation of amino acid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


go_id: GO:0051958
term: methotrexate transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of methotrexate, 4-amino-10-methylformic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Methotrexate is a folic acid analogue and a potent competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase.


go_id: GO:0051960
term: regulation of nervous system development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue.


go_id: GO:0051961
term: negative regulation of nervous system development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue.


go_id: GO:0051962
term: positive regulation of nervous system development
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue.


go_id: GO:0051963
term: regulation of synapse assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse.


go_id: GO:0051964
term: negative regulation of synapse assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse.


go_id: GO:0051965
term: positive regulation of synapse assembly
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse.


go_id: GO:0051966
term: regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.


go_id: GO:0051967
term: negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.


go_id: GO:0051968
term: positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.


go_id: GO:0051969
term: regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.


go_id: GO:0051970
term: negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.


go_id: GO:0051971
term: positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.


go_id: GO:0051972
term: regulation of telomerase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Telomerases catalyze extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time using an internal RNA template that encodes the telomeric repeat sequence.


go_id: GO:0051973
term: positive regulation of telomerase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).


go_id: GO:0051974
term: negative regulation of telomerase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme telomerase, which catalyzes of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).


go_id: GO:0051975
term: lysine biosynthetic process via alpha-aminoadipate and saccharopine
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine via the intermediates alpha-aminoadipic acid and saccharopine. This pathway is used by yeast and fungi to synthesize the essential amino acid L-lysine, and pathway intermediates are often incorporated into secondary metabolic processes. The pathway proceeds as follows: alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to homocitrate, which is metabolized to 3-carboxyhex-2-enedioate and then homoisocitrate. This is then decarboxylated to form alpha-ketoadipate, which is then converted to alpha-aminoadipate. This is then reduced to form alpha-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde, which is metabolized to saccharopine and finally L-lysine.


go_id: GO:0051976
term: lysine biosynthetic process via alpha-aminoadipate and N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine via the intermediates alpha-aminoadipic acid and N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate. This pathway of prokaryotic lysine biosynthesis via alpha-aminoadipate was discovered in the hyper-thermophilic Gram-negative eubacterium Thermus thermophilus. The pathway proceeds as follows: alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to homocitrate, which is metabolized to 3-carboxyhex-2-enedioate and then homoisocitrate. This is then decarboxylated to form alpha-ketoadipate, which is then converted to alpha-aminoadipate. This undergoes acetylation, to form N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate, and is then phosphorylated to give N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipyl-delta-phosphate. This is converted to N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate semialdehyde, which is then converted to N2-acetyl-L-lysine. A final deacetylation reaction produces L-lysine.


go_id: GO:0051977
term: lysophospholipid transport
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A lysophospholipid is a phospholipid that lacks one of its fatty acyl chains; it is an intermediate formed during digestion of dietary and biliary phospholipids.


go_id: GO:0051978
term: lysophospholipid transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Enables the directed movement of lysophospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. A lysophospholipid is a phospholipid that lacks one of its fatty acyl chains; it is an intermediate formed during digestion of dietary and biliary phospholipids.


go_id: GO:0051979
term: alginic acid acetylation
ontology: BP
definition:
The addition of O-acetyl ester groups to alginic acid, a linear polymer of D-mannuronate and L-guluronate.


go_id: GO:0051980
term: iron-nicotianamine transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of the iron chelate iron-nicotianamine (Fe-NA) from one side of a membrane to the other.


go_id: GO:0051981
term: copper chelate transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of a copper chelate from one side of a membrane to the other. A copper chelate is a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions.


go_id: GO:0051982
term: copper-nicotianamine transmembrane transporter activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the transfer of the copper chelate copper-nicotianamine (Cu-NA) from one side of a membrane to the other.


go_id: GO:0051983
term: regulation of chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.


go_id: GO:0051984
term: positive regulation of chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.


go_id: GO:0051985
term: negative regulation of chromosome segregation
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.


go_id: GO:0051986
term: negative regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.


go_id: GO:0051987
term: positive regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.


go_id: GO:0051988
term: regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.


go_id: GO:0051989
term: coproporphyrinogen dehydrogenase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: coproporphyrinogen III + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosine.


go_id: GO:0051991
ontology: MF
term:
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminlytransferase activity

definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenyl-N-acetylglucosamine + UDP.


go_id: GO:0051992
ontology: MF
term:
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine:undecaprenyl-phosphate transferase activity

definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine + di-trans,poly-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol.


go_id: GO:0051997
term: 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline decarboxylase activity
ontology: MF
definition:
Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-ureido-2,5-dihydro-1H imidazole-5-carboxylate + H+ = S-allantoin + CO2.


go_id: GO:0051999
term: mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group which contains a phosphoryl (-P(O)=) groups and a mannose derivative.


go_id: GO:0052001
term: Type IV pili-dependent localized adherence to host
ontology: BP
definition:
Attachment of bacterial clusters to the surface of the host in a type IV pili dependent manner. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052002
term: metabolism by symbiont of substance in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052003
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052004
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host salicylic acid-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052005
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host ethylene-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052006
term: catabolism by symbiont of substance in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its host resulting in the breakdown of substances. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052007
term: biosynthesis by symbiont of substance in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its host resulting in the formation of substances. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052008
term: disruption by symbiont of host cellular component
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellular components of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052009
term: disruption by symbiont of host cell wall
ontology: BP
definition:
The breakdown of the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052010
term: catabolism by symbiont of host cell wall cellulose
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellulose in the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052011
term: catabolism by symbiont of host cell wall pectin
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of pectin in the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052012
term: catabolism by symbiont of host cell wall chitin
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of chitin in the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052013
term: catabolism by symbiont of host macromolecule
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052014
term: catabolism by symbiont of host protein
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of protein macromolecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052015
term: catabolism by symbiont of host carbohydrate
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate molecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052016
term: catabolism by symbiont of host glucan
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of glucan molecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052017
term: catabolism by symbiont of host xylan
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of xylan within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052018
term: modulation by symbiont of RNA levels in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of RNA in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052019
term: modulation by symbiont of host hormone or growth regulator levels
ontology: BP
definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052020
term: modification by symbiont of host cell wall
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052021
term: modulation by symbiont of ethylene levels in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of ethylene in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052022
term: modulation by symbiont of jasmonic acid levels in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of jasmonic acid in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052023
term: modulation by symbiont of salicylic acid levels in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of salicylic acid in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052024
term: positive regulation by symbiont of hormone or growth regulator levels in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The increase by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052025
term: modification by symbiont of host cell membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a host cellular membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052026
term: modulation by symbiont of host transcription
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of its host's transcription. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052027
term: modulation by symbiont of host signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the host signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052028
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the host signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052029
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the host signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052031
term: modulation by symbiont of host defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of its host, the response mounted by the host in response to the presence of the organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052032
term: modulation by symbiont of host inflammatory response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052033
ontology: BP
term:
pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent induction by symbiont of host innate immune response

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052034
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by symbiont of microbe-associated molecular pattern-induced host innate immune response

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a microbe-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism tops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052035
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host inflammatory response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052036
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host inflammatory response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052037
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052038
term: modulation by symbiont of host intracellular transport
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within the cell or cells of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052039
term: modification by symbiont of host cytoskeleton
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the host cytoskeleton. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052040
term: modulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052041
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052042
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052043
term: modification by symbiont of host cellular component
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a host cellular component. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052046
term: modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology via secreted substance
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host organism, mediated by a substance secreted by one of the organisms. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052047
term: interaction with other organism via secreted substance involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction with a second organism mediated by a substance secreted by the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052048
term: interaction with host via secreted substance involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction with the host organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other (symbiont) organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052049
term: interaction with host via protein secreted by type III secretion system
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction with the host organism mediated by a substance secreted by the symbiont organism by a type III secretion system. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052050
term: interaction with host via substance secreted by type IV secretion system
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction with the host organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other organism by a type IV secretion system. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052051
term: interaction with host via protein secreted by type II secretion system
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction with the host organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other organism by a type II secretion system. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052052
ontology: BP
term:
modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology via protein secreted by type II secretion system

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type II secretion system in the organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052053
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host catalytic activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host enzyme activity. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052054
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host peptidase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host protease activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052055
term: modulation by symbiont of host molecular function
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the function of a host protein via a direct interaction. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052056
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host molecular function
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the functional activity of host proteins. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052057
ontology: BP
term:
modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology via protein secreted by type III secretion system

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type III secretion system in the organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052058
ontology: BP
term:
modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology via substance secreted by type IV secretion system

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type IV secretion system in the organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052059
term: evasion or tolerance by symbiont of host-produced reactive oxygen species
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism avoids the effects of reactive oxygen species produced as a defense response by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052060
term: evasion or tolerance by symbiont of host-produced nitric oxide
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism avoids the effects of nitric oxide produced as a defense response by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052061
term: evasion or tolerance by symbiont of host-produced phytoalexins
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism avoids the effects of phytoalexins produced as a defense response by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052062
term: induction by symbiont of host phytoalexin production
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of the production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052063
term: induction by symbiont of defense-related host nitric oxide production
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of the production of nitric oxide as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052064
term: induction by symbiont of defense-related host reactive oxygen species production
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052065
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related calcium ion flux in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fluxes of calcium ions that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052066
term: entry of symbiont into host cell by promotion of host phagocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
The invasion by an organism of a cell of its host organism by utilizing the host phagocytosis mechanism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052067
term: negative regulation by symbiont of entry into host cell via phagocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops or prevents itself undergoing phagocytosis into a cell in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052068
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host jasmonic acid-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052069
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052070
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052071
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of host ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052072
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052073
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of host jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052074
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host salicylic acid-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052075
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host jasmonic acid-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052076
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host ethylene-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052077
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052078
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052079
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of host MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052080
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052081
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052082
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052083
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host cell-mediated immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052084
term: modulation by symbiont of host ethylene-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052085
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host T-cell mediated immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the T-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052086
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host B-cell mediated immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the B-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052087
term: negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host callose deposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition performed by the host as part of its defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052088
term: modulation by symbiont of host jasmonic acid-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052089
term: modulation by symbiont of host salicylic acid-mediated defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052090
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host callose deposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052091
term: modulation by symbiont of nutrient release from host
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052092
term: positive regulation by symbiont of nutrient release from host
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052093
term: formation of specialized structure for nutrient acquisition from host
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly by an organism of a cellular component or anatomical structure for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052094
term: formation by symbiont of haustorium for nutrient acquisition from host
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly by an organism of a haustorium, a projection from a cell or tissue that penetrates the host's tissues for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052095
ontology: BP
term:
formation of specialized structure for nutrient acquisition from other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The assembly by an organism of a cellular component or anatomical structure for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052096
term: formation by symbiont of syncytium involving giant cell for nutrient acquisition from host
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly by an organism of a syncytium, a nematode-induced multi-nucleate and physiologically active aggregation of fused root cells which exclusively provides the nematode with nourishment during its sedentary life, for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052097
term: interspecies quorum sensing
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a community of single-celled organisms of different species monitors population density by detecting the concentration of small diffusible signal molecules.


go_id: GO:0052098
term: formation by host of specialized structure for nutrient acquisition from symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The assembly by an organism of a cellular component or anatomical structure for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052099
term: acquisition by symbiont of nutrients from host via siderophores
ontology: BP
definition:
The process that begins with the production and formation of siderophores in an organism that are required for the acquisition and utilization of nutrients from its host organism, and the ends with the acquirement of the nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052100
term: intraspecies quorum sensing
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which single-celled organisms of the same species monitor population density by detecting the concentration of small, diffusible signal molecules.


go_id: GO:0052101
term: induction by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052102
term: positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the host calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052103
term: induction by symbiont of host induced systemic resistance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates induced systemic resistance in the host; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052104
term: induction by symbiont of host systemic acquired resistance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates systemic acquired resistance in the host organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052105
term: induction by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall thickening
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of host processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052106
term: quorum sensing involved in interaction with host
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which a community of single-celled organisms living in intimate contact with a host organism monitors population density by detecting the concentration of small diffusible signal molecules. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052107
term: positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host callose deposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052109
term: positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall callose deposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the host in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052110
term: occlusion by symbiont of host vascular system
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within its host's vascular system, the vessels and tissue that carry or circulate fluids, such as blood, lymph or sap, through the body of an animal or plant. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052111
term: modification by symbiont of host structure
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in an anatomical part or cellular component of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052112
term: occlusion by symbiont of host xylem
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within the host xylem, the tissue in plants that carries water and nutrients up from the roots to the shoot and leaves. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052115
term: energy taxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in the environment of its host organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052116
term: chemotaxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052117
term: aerotaxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052118
term: positive energy taxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on, within or near its host organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052119
term: negative energy taxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on, within or near its host organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052120
term: positive aerotaxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052121
term: positive chemotaxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a chemical on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052122
term: negative aerotaxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052123
term: negative chemotaxis in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a specific chemical on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052124
term: energy taxis within host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism within its host organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052125
term: energy taxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on or near its host organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052126
term: movement in host environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on, within or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052127
term: movement on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052128
term: positive energy taxis
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates.


go_id: GO:0052129
term: negative energy taxis
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates.


go_id: GO:0052130
term: negative aerotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen.


go_id: GO:0052131
term: positive aerotaxis
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen.


go_id: GO:0052132
term: positive aerotaxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052133
term: positive aerotaxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052134
term: negative aerotaxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052135
term: negative aerotaxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052136
term: negative chemotaxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a specific chemical on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052137
term: aerotaxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052138
term: aerotaxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052139
term: negative chemotaxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a specific chemical within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052140
term: positive chemotaxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a specific chemical within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052141
term: positive chemotaxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a specific chemical on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052142
term: chemotaxis within host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052143
term: chemotaxis on or near host involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052144
term: negative energy taxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism within its host organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052145
term: negative energy taxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on or near its host organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052146
term: positive energy taxis on or near host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on or near its host organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052147
term: positive energy taxis in host
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism within its host organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052148
term: modulation by symbiont of host catalytic activity
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in host enzyme activity. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052149
term: modulation by symbiont of host peptidase activity
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in host peptidase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052150
term: modulation by symbiont of host apoptotic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052151
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host apoptotic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052154
term: modulation by symbiont of host B-cell mediated immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the B-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052155
term: modulation by symbiont of host cell-mediated immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any form of cell-based immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052156
term: modulation by symbiont of host T-cell mediated immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the T-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052157
term: modulation by symbiont of microbe-associated molecular pattern-induced host innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a microbe-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052158
term: modulation by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052159
term: modulation by symbiont of host induced systemic resistance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of induced systemic resistance in the host organism; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052160
term: modulation by symbiont of host systemic acquired resistance
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance in the host organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052161
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall thickening
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052162
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host calcium ion flux
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion fluxes as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052163
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host nitric oxide production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of nitric oxide as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052164
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host reactive oxygen species production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052165
term: modulation by symbiont of host phytoalexin production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052166
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052167
term: modulation by symbiont of host innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052168
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the host calcium-dependent protein kinase signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052169
ontology: BP
term:
pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent modulation by symbiont of host innate immune response

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052170
term: negative regulation by symbiont of host innate immune response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism, the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052172
term: metabolism by symbiont of host cell wall cellulose
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving cellulose in the cell wall of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052173
term: response to defenses of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052174
term: metabolism by symbiont of host macromolecule
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving macromolecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052175
term: metabolism by symbiont of host carbohydrate
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving carbohydrates within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052176
term: metabolism by symbiont of host glucan
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving glucans within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052177
term: metabolism by symbiont of host xylan
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving xylan within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052178
term: metabolism by symbiont of host cell wall chitin
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving chitin in the cell wall of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052179
term: metabolism by symbiont of host cell wall pectin
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving pectin in the cell wall of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052180
term: negative regulation of peptidase activity in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protease activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052181
term: modulation by host of symbiont defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the symbiont. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052182
term: modification by host of symbiont morphology or physiology via secreted substance
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont organism, mediated by a substance secreted by one of the organisms. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052183
term: modification by host of symbiont structure
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in an anatomical part or cellular component of the host organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052185
term: modification of structure of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in an anatomical part or cellular component of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052186
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of hormone or growth regulator levels in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052187
term: modification by host of symbiont cellular component
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont cellular component. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052188
term: modification of cellular component in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a cellular component in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052189
term: modulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall callose deposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the host in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052190
term: modulation by symbiont of host phagocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the engulfing by phagocytes of external particulate material, in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052191
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host phagocytosis
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the engulfing by phagocytes of external particulate material, in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052192
term: movement in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052193
term: movement in symbiont environment
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on, within or near its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052194
term: movement on or near symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on or near its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052195
term: movement on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052196
term: negative regulation by host of symbiont defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052197
term: positive regulation by host of symbiont defense response
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052198
term: modulation of peptidase activity in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in peptidase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052200
term: response to host defenses
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052201
term: response to symbiont defenses
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052202
term: negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall callose deposition
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the host in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052203
term: modulation of catalytic activity in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in enzyme activity in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052204
term: negative regulation of molecular function in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the functional activity of proteins in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052205
term: modulation of molecular function in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the function of proteins in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052206
ontology: BP
term:
modification of morphology or physiology of other organism via protein secreted by type II secretion system involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a second organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type II secretion system in the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052207
ontology: BP
term:
modification of morphology or physiology of other organism via protein secreted by type III secretion system involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a second organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type III secretion system in the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052208
ontology: BP
term:
modification of morphology or physiology of other organism via substance secreted by type IV secretion system involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a second organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type IV secretion system in the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052209
ontology: BP
term:
interaction with other organism via substance secreted by type IV secretion system involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
An interaction with a second organism mediated by a substance secreted by the first organism by a type IV secretion system, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052210
ontology: BP
term:
interaction with other organism via protein secreted by type III secretion system involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
An interaction with a second organism mediated by a substance secreted by the first organism by a type III secretion system, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052211
ontology: BP
term:
interaction with other organism via protein secreted by type II secretion system involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
An interaction with a second organism mediated by a substance secreted by the first organism by a type II secretion system, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052212
ontology: BP
term:
modification of morphology or physiology of other organism via secreted substance involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a second organism, mediated by a substance secreted by one of the organisms, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052213
term: interaction with symbiont via secreted substance involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
An interaction with the symbiont organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other (host) organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052214
term: metabolism of substance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052215
term: energy taxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in the environment of a second organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052216
term: chemotaxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052217
term: aerotaxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052218
term: positive energy taxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on, within or near a second organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052219
term: negative energy taxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on, within or near a second organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052220
term: positive aerotaxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052221
term: positive chemotaxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a chemical on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052222
term: negative aerotaxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052223
term: negative chemotaxis in environment of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a specific chemical on, within or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052224
term: energy taxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism within a second organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052225
term: energy taxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on or near a second organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052226
term: biosynthesis of substance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in a second organism resulting in the formation of substances, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052227
term: catabolism of substance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in a second organism resulting in the breakdown of substances, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052228
term: metabolism by symbiont of host protein
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving protein macromolecules within the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052229
term: metabolism of macromolecule in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving macromolecules within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052230
term: modulation of intracellular transport in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within the cell or cells of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052231
term: modulation of phagocytosis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the engulfing by phagocytes of external particulate material, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052232
term: positive aerotaxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052233
term: positive aerotaxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052234
term: negative aerotaxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052235
term: negative aerotaxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052236
term: negative chemotaxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a specific chemical on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052237
term: aerotaxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052238
term: aerotaxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052239
term: negative chemotaxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of a specific chemical within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052240
term: positive chemotaxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a specific chemical within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052241
term: positive chemotaxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of a specific chemical on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052242
term: chemotaxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052243
term: chemotaxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient on or near a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052244
term: negative energy taxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism within a second organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052245
term: negative energy taxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on or near a second organism towards a lower level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052246
term: positive energy taxis on or near other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism on or near a second organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052247
term: positive energy taxis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The directed movement of a motile cell or organism within a second organism towards a higher level of a physical stimulus involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052248
term: modulation of programmed cell death in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052249
term: modulation of RNA levels in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The alteration by an organism of the levels of RNA in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052250
term: modulation of signal transduction in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, occurring in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052251
term: induction by organism of defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052252
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of defense-related salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052253
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of salicylic acid-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052254
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of ethylene-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052255
term: modulation by organism of defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of a second organism, the response mounted by that organism in response to the presence of the first organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052256
term: modulation by organism of inflammatory response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052257
ontology: BP
term:
pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent induction by organism of innate immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052258
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of pathogen-associated molecular pattern-induced innate immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a microbe-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the first line of defense against infection, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052259
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of inflammatory response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052260
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of inflammatory response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052261
term: suppression of defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052262
term: induction by organism of phytoalexin production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The activation by an organism of the production of phytoalexins that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052263
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of defense-related nitric oxide production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The activation by an organism of the production of nitric oxide that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052264
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of defense-related reactive oxygen species production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The activation by an organism of the production of reactive oxygen species that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052265
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of defense-related calcium ion flux in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The activation by an organism of a flux of calcium ions that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052266
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052267
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of defense-related jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052268
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of defense-related ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052269
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052270
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052271
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052272
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of salicylic acid-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052273
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052274
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of ethylene-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052275
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of defense-related MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052276
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052277
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052278
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of cell-mediated immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cell-based immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052279
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of ethylene-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052280
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of T-cell mediated immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the T-cell mediated immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052281
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of B-cell mediated immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the B-cell mediated immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052282
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of defense-related callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052283
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052284
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of salicylic acid-mediated defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052285
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related callose deposition of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052286
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of resistance gene-dependent defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The activation by an organism of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052287
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-dependent protein kinase pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052288
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of induced systemic resistance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates induced systemic resistance, a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052289
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of systemic acquired resistance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates systemic acquired resistance, a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052290
ontology: BP
term:
induction by organism of defense-related cell wall thickening in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
The activation by an organism of the thickening of cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052291
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052292
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related cell wall callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition by a second organism of callose in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052293
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of B-cell mediated immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the B-cell mediated immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052294
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of cell-mediated immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any form of cell-based immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052295
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of T-cell mediated immune response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the T-cell mediated immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052296
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of microbe-associated molecular pattern-induced innate immune response in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a microbe-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the first line of defense against infection, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052297
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of resistance gene-dependent defense response of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052298
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of induced systemic resistance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of induced systemic resistance, a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052299
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of systemic acquired resistance in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance, a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance, in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052300
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related cell wall thickening in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the thickening of cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052301
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related calcium ion flux in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fluxes of calcium ions that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052302
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related nitric oxide production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of nitric oxide that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052303
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related reactive oxygen species production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of reactive oxygen species that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052304
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of phytoalexin production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of production of phytoalexins that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052305
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of innate immune response in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052306
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of innate immune response in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the first line of defense against infection, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052307
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-dependent protein kinase signal transduction pathways that occur as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052308
ontology: BP
term:
pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent modulation by organism of innate immune response in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process that involves recognition of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the first line of defense against infection, of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052309
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of innate immune response in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052310
ontology: BP
term:
modulation by organism of defense-related cell wall callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose in cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052311
ontology: BP
term:
negative regulation by organism of defense-related cell wall callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose in cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052312
term: modulation of transcription in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052313
term: modulation of nutrient release from other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052314
term: phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


go_id: GO:0052315
term: phytoalexin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


go_id: GO:0052316
term: phytoalexin catabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


go_id: GO:0052318
term: regulation of phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


go_id: GO:0052319
term: regulation of phytoalexin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin biosynthesis, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytoalexins.


go_id: GO:0052320
term: positive regulation of phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoalexins.


go_id: GO:0052321
term: negative regulation of phytoalexin metabolic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoalexins.


go_id: GO:0052322
term: positive regulation of phytoalexin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin biosynthesis, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytoalexins.


go_id: GO:0052323
term: negative regulation of phytoalexin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin biosynthesis, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytoalexins.


go_id: GO:0052324
term: plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall.


go_id: GO:0052325
term: cell wall pectin biosynthetic process
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall.


go_id: GO:0052329
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of phytoalexin production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of phytoalexins that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052330
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of programmed cell death in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052331
term: hemolysis in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in one organism by another, where two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052332
term: modification by organism of membrane in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a cellular membrane of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052333
term: modification by organism of cell wall of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052334
term: modification by organism of cytoskeleton of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the cytoskeleton of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052335
term: modification by host of symbiont cytoskeleton
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the symbiont cytoskeleton. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052336
term: modification by host of symbiont cell wall
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052337
term: modification by host of symbiont membrane
ontology: BP
definition:
The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont cellular membrane. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052338
term: disruption by host of symbiont cell wall
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052339
term: disruption by organism of cell wall of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052340
term: catabolism by organism of cell wall cellulose in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellulose in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052341
term: catabolism by organism of cell wall pectin in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of pectin in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052342
term: catabolism by organism of cell wall chitin in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of chitin in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052344
term: positive regulation by symbiont of host phytoalexin production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052345
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related nitric oxide production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of nitric oxide that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052347
term: positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host nitric oxide production
ontology: BP
definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of nitric oxide as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052348
ontology: BP
term:
positive regulation by organism of defense-related reactive oxygen species production in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction

definition:
Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of reactive oxygen species that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052352
term: biosynthesis by host of substance in symbiont
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its symbiont resulting in the formation of substances. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052353
term: catabolism by host of symbiont carbohydrate
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate molecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052354
term: catabolism by organism of carbohydrate in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate molecules within a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052355
term: catabolism by host of symbiont cell wall cellulose
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellulose in the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052356
term: catabolism by host of symbiont cell wall chitin
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of chitin in the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


go_id: GO:0052357
term: catabolism by host of symbiont cell wall pectin
ontology: BP
definition:
The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of pectin in the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


