#ifndef __JROOT__JROOTCLASS__
#define __JROOT__JROOTCLASS__

#include <string>
#include <ostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>

#include <TDictionary.h>
#include <TClass.h>
#include <TDataMember.h>
#include <TBaseClass.h>
#include <TIterator.h>
#include <TList.h>

#include "JLang/JType.hh"
#include "JLang/JException.hh"
#include "JLang/JEquals.hh"


/**
 * \author mdejong
 */

namespace JROOT {}
namespace JPP { using namespace JROOT; }

namespace JROOT {

  using JLANG::JEquals;
  using JLANG::JType;
  using JLANG::getType;
  using JLANG::JCastException;


  /**
   * Auxiliary class to manage access to base classes and data members of ROOT class.
   */
  struct JRootClass :
    public JEquals<JRootClass>
  {
    /**
     * Check name of class against ROOT classes.
     *
     * \param  name         name of class
     * \return              true if name of class corresponds to genuine class; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_class(const char* const name)
    {
      return (name                                      != NULL  &&
	      strcmp(name, TClass ::Class()->GetName()) != 0     &&
	      strcmp(name, TObject::Class()->GetName()) != 0     &&
	      strcmp(name, "_Rb_tree_node_base")        != 0     &&
	      strcmp(name, "fgIsA")                     != 0     &&
	      strcmp(name, "atomic<TClass*>")           != 0);
    }


    /**
     * Check base class against ROOT class names.
     *
     * \param  base_class   base class
     * \return              true if valid class name; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_class(const TBaseClass& base_class)
    {
      return is_class(base_class.GetName());
    }


    /**
     * Check data member against ROOT class names.
     *
     * \param  data_member  data member
     * \return              true if valid class name; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_class(const TDataMember& data_member)
    {
      return is_class(data_member.GetTypeName());
    }


    /**
     * Check if base class is STL container.
     *
     * \param  base_class   base class
     * \return              true if STL congtainer; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_STLcontainer(const TBaseClass& base_class)
    {
      return (const_cast<TBaseClass&>(base_class).IsSTLContainer() != ROOT::kNotSTL);
    }


    /**
     * Check if data member is STL container.
     *
     * \param  data_member  data member
     * \return              true if STL congtainer; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_STLcontainer(const TDataMember& data_member)
    {
      return (const_cast<TDataMember&>(data_member).IsSTLContainer() != ROOT::kNotSTL);
    }


    /**
     * Check if data member is STL string.
     *
     * \param  data_member  data member
     * \return              true if STL string; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_STLstring(const TDataMember& data_member)
    {
      return (strcmp(data_member.GetFullTypeName(), "string")       == 0 ||
	      strcmp(data_member.GetFullTypeName(), "const string") == 0);
    }


    /**
     * Check if data member is static.
     *
     * \param  data_member  data member
     * \return              true if static; else false
     */
    static inline bool is_static(const TDataMember& data_member)
    {
      return (data_member.Property() & kIsStatic);
    }


    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  type         data type
     */
    template<class JType_t>
    JRootClass(const JType<JType_t>& type) :
      dictionary(TDictionary::GetDictionary(typeid(JType_t))),
      offset(0)
    {}


    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  pd           pointer to C++ data member
     */
    template<class JType_t, class JClass_t>
    JRootClass(JType_t JClass_t::*pd) :
      dictionary(TDictionary::GetDictionary(typeid(JType_t))),
      offset((char*) &(((JClass_t*) NULL)->*pd) - (char*) NULL)
    {}


    /**
     * Get dictionary.
     *
     * \return              pointer to dictionary
     */
    TDictionary* getDictionary() const
    {
      return dictionary;
    }


    /**
     * Get offset of this class with respect to parent class.
     *
     * \return              offset
     */
    int getOffset() const
    {
      return offset;
    }


    /**
     * Get class.
     *
     * \return              pointer to class
     */
    TClass* getClass() const
    {
      return dynamic_cast<TClass*>(dictionary);
    }

    
    /**
     * Get type name.
     *
     * \return              type name 
     */
    const char* getTypename() const
    {
      if (dictionary != NULL)
	return dictionary->GetName();
      else
	return NULL;
    }


    /**
     * Check validity of this class.
     *
     * \return              true if valid class; else false
     */
    bool is_valid() const
    {
      return (this->getDictionary() != NULL && is_class(this->getTypename()));
    }


    /**
     * Test equality of ROOT classes.
     *
     * \param  object       ROOT class
     * \return              true if both ROOT classes are same type; else false
     */
    bool equals(const JRootClass& object) const
    {
      return (this-> getTypename() != NULL &&
	      object.getTypename() != NULL &&
	      strcmp(this->getTypename(), object.getTypename()) == 0);
    }


    /**
     * Find base class or data member with given name within current class.
     *
     * \param  name         name of base class or data member
     * \param  option       case sensitivity
     * \return              ROOT class
     */
    JRootClass find(const char* const name, const bool option = true) const
    {
      if (name != NULL && strlen(name) != 0) {

	if (strcmp(getTypename(), name) == 0) {
	  return *this;
	}

	if (this->getClass() != NULL) {

	  // check for data member
	  
	  for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(this->getClass()->GetListOfDataMembers(kFALSE)->MakeIterator()); const TDataMember* p = (const TDataMember*) i->Next(); ) {
	    if (( option  &&  strcmp    (p->GetName(), name) == 0) ||
		(!option  &&  strcasecmp(p->GetName(), name) == 0)) { 
	      return this->get(*p);
	    }
	  }
	  
	  // check for base classes
	  
	  for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(this->getClass()->GetListOfBases()->MakeIterator()); TBaseClass* p = (TBaseClass*) i->Next(); ) {
	    
	    if (is_class(*p) && !is_STLcontainer(*p)) {
	      
	      JRootClass rcs = this->get(*p);

	      rcs = rcs.find(name);
	      
	      if (rcs.is_valid()) {
		return rcs;
	      }
	    }
	  }
	}
      }

      return JRootClass();  // invalid value
    }


    /**
     * Get ROOT class of given data member.
     *
     * \param  data_member  data member
     * \return              ROOT class
     */
    JRootClass get(const TDataMember& data_member) const
    {
      return JRootClass(TDictionary::GetDictionary(data_member.GetTypeName()), 
			this->getOffset() + data_member.GetOffset());
    }


    /**
     * Get ROOT class of given base class
     *
     * \param  base_class   base class
     * \return              ROOT class
     */
    JRootClass get(const TBaseClass& base_class) const
    {
      return JRootClass(TDictionary::GetDictionary(base_class.GetName()),
			this->getOffset() + const_cast<TBaseClass&>(base_class).GetDelta());
    }


    /**
     * Print ROOT class information.
     *
     * \param  out          output stream
     */
    inline void print(std::ostream& out) const
    {
      print(out, getTypename());
    }
    

  protected:

    TDictionary* dictionary;    //!< pointer to ROOT dictionary
    int          offset;        //!< offset with respect to data structure [B]


    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */
    JRootClass() :
      dictionary(NULL),
      offset(0)
    {}

    
    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  dictionary   pointer to dictionary
     * \param  offset       offset
     */
    JRootClass(TDictionary* dictionary, 
	       int          offset) :
      dictionary(dictionary),
      offset    (offset)
    {}


    /**
     * Print ROOT class information.
     *
     * \param  out          output stream
     * \param  prefix       prefix
     */
    inline void print(std::ostream& out, const std::string& prefix) const
    {
      if (this->is_valid()) {

	print(out, prefix, this->getTypename());

	if (this->getClass() != NULL) {

	  if (this->getClass()->GetListOfBases() != NULL) {
	  
	    for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(this->getClass()->GetListOfBases()->MakeIterator()); const TBaseClass* p = (const TBaseClass*) i->Next(); ) {
	      if (!is_STLcontainer(*p))
		this->get(*p).print(out, prefix + "::" + p->GetName());
	      else
		print(out, prefix + "::" + p->GetName(), this->get(*p).getTypename());
	    }
	  }
	  
	  if (this->getClass()->GetListOfDataMembers(kFALSE) != NULL) {
	    
	    for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(this->getClass()->GetListOfDataMembers(kFALSE)->MakeIterator()); const TDataMember* p = (const TDataMember*) i->Next(); ) {
	      if (!is_STLstring(*p) && !is_STLcontainer(*p))
		this->get(*p).print(out, prefix + (is_static(*p) ?  "::" : ".") + p->GetName());
	      else
		print(out, prefix + (is_static(*p) ?  "::" : ".") + p->GetName(), this->get(*p).getTypename());
	    }
	  }
	}
      }
    }


    /**
     * Print ROOT class information.
     *
     * \param  out          output stream
     * \param  name         name
     * \param  type         type
     */
    inline static void print(std::ostream& out, const std::string& name, const std::string& type) 
    {
      using namespace std; 

      out << name << "  " << '(' << type << ')' << endl;
    }
  };


  /**
   * Simple address wrapper.
   */
  template<class JPointer_t>
  struct JAddress
  {
    /**
     * Type definition of address.
     */
    typedef JPointer_t  pointer_type;

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  p            pointer to object
     */
    JAddress(pointer_type p) :
      address(p)
    {}

    pointer_type address;
  };


  /**
   * Auxiliary class to manage access to base classes and data members of ROOT class objects.
   *
   * This class augments the class JRootClass with addressing capabilities.
   */
  template<class JPointer_t>
  struct JRootAddressableClass :
    public JRootClass,
    public JAddress<JPointer_t>
  {
    typedef JAddress<JPointer_t>                          JAddress_t;
    typedef typename JAddress_t::pointer_type             pointer_type;

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  object       template object
     */
    template<class T>
    JRootAddressableClass(T& object) :
      JRootClass(JType<T>()),
      JAddress_t((pointer_type) &object)
    {}


    /**
     * Get address.
     *
     * \return              pointer to object
     */
    pointer_type getAddress() const
    {
      return this->address + getOffset();
    }


    /**
     * Check validity of this addressable class.
     *
     * \return              true if valid addressable class; else false
     */
    bool is_valid() const
    {
      return (JRootClass::is_valid() && this->address != NULL);
    }


    /**
     * Find addressable base class or data member with given name within current class.
     *
     * \param  name         name of base class or data member
     * \return              ROOT addressable class
     */
    JRootAddressableClass find(const char* const name) const
    {
      return JRootAddressableClass(JRootClass::find(name), this->address);
    }


    /**
     * Get addressable class of given data member.
     *
     * \param  data_member  data member
     * \return              ROOT addressable class
     */
    JRootAddressableClass get(const TDataMember& data_member) const
    {
      return JRootAddressableClass(JRootClass::get(data_member), this->address);
    }


    /**
     * Get addressable class of given base class
     *
     * \param  base_class   base class
     * \return              ROOT addressable class
     */
    JRootAddressableClass get(const TBaseClass& base_class) const
    {
      return JRootAddressableClass(JRootClass::get(base_class), this->address);
    }


    /**
     * Find addressable base class or data member with given name within current class.
     *
     * \param  name         name of base class or data member
     * \return              ROOT addressable class
     */
    JRootAddressableClass operator[](const char* const name) const
    {
      return this->find(name);
    }


  protected:
    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  rc           ROOT class
     * \param  address      address
     */
    JRootAddressableClass(const JRootClass& rc, pointer_type address) :
      JRootClass(rc),
      JAddress_t(address)
    {}
  };


  /**
   * ROOT class for reading object.
   */
  struct JRootReadableClass :
    public JRootAddressableClass<char *>
  {
    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  object       template object
     */
    template<class T>
    JRootReadableClass(T& object) :
      JRootAddressableClass<char *>(object)
    {}


    /**
     * Copy constructor.
     *
     * \param  rc           ROOT addressable class
     */
    JRootReadableClass(const JRootAddressableClass<char *>& rc) :
      JRootAddressableClass<char *>(rc)
    {}


    /**
     * Type conversion operator.
     *
     * \return              value
     */
    template<class T>
    operator const T&() const
    {
      if (static_cast<const JRootClass&>(*this) == JRootClass(JType<T>())) {
	return * (const T*) this->getAddress();
      } else {
	THROW(JCastException, "JRootReadableClass::operator const T&");
      }
    }


    /**
     * Type conversion operator.
     *
     * \return              value
     */
    template<class T>
    operator T&() 
    {
      if (static_cast<const JRootClass&>(*this) == JRootClass(JType<T>())) {
	return * (T*) this->getAddress();
      } else {
	THROW(JCastException, "JRootReadableClass::operator T&");
      }
    }
  };


  /**
   * ROOT class for writing object.
   */
  struct JRootWritableClass :
    public JRootAddressableClass<const char*>
  {
    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param  object       template object
     */
    template<class T>
    JRootWritableClass(const T& object) :
      JRootAddressableClass<const char *>(object)
    {}


    /**
     * Copy constructor.
     *
     * \param  rc           ROOT addressable class
     */
    JRootWritableClass(const JRootAddressableClass<const char *>& rc) :
      JRootAddressableClass<const char *>(rc)
    {}


    /**
     * Type conversion operator.
     *
     * \return              value
     */
    template<class T>
    operator const T&() const
    {
      if (static_cast<const JRootClass&>(*this) == JRootClass(JType<T>())) {
	return * (const T*) this->getAddress();
      } else {
	THROW(JCastException, "JRootWritableClass::operator const T&");
      }
    }
  };


  /**
   * Get ROOT data member for given parent and member class.
   *
   * \param  parent       ROOT class
   * \param  member       ROOT class
   * \return              pointer to ROOT data member
   */
  inline const TDataMember* getDataMember(const JRootClass& parent,
					  const JRootClass& member)
  {
    if (parent.getClass() != NULL) {

      for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(parent.getClass()->GetListOfDataMembers(kFALSE)->MakeIterator()); const TDataMember* p = (const TDataMember*) i->Next(); ) {
      
	const JRootClass abc = parent.get(*p);
      
	if (abc == member && abc.getOffset() == member.getOffset()) {
	  return p;
	}
      }

      for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(parent.getClass()->GetListOfBases()->MakeIterator()); const TBaseClass* p = (const TBaseClass*) i->Next(); ) {
	    
	if (JRootClass::is_class(*p) && !JRootClass::is_STLcontainer(*p)) {
	      
	  const TDataMember* q = getDataMember(parent.get(*p), member);

	  if (q != NULL) {
	    return q;
	  } 
	}
      }
    }

    return NULL;
  }


  /**
   * Get ROOT data member for given C++ data member.
   *
   * \param  pd           pointer to C++  data member
   * \return              pointer to ROOT data member
   */
  template<class JType_t, class JClass_t>
  inline const TDataMember* getDataMember(JType_t JClass_t::*pd)
  {
    return getDataMember(JRootClass(getType<JClass_t>()), JRootClass(pd));
  }


  /**
   * Get list of ROOT data members for given class.
   */
  template<class T>
  std::vector<TDataMember*> getListOfDataMembers()
  {
    std::vector<TDataMember*> buffer;

    TClass* rc = (TClass*) TDictionary::GetDictionary(typeid(T));

    for (std::unique_ptr<TIterator> i(rc->GetListOfDataMembers(kFALSE)->MakeIterator()); TDataMember* p = (TDataMember*) i->Next(); ) {
      if (JRootClass::is_class(p->GetName())) {
	buffer.push_back(p);
      }
    }

    return buffer;
  }
}

#endif