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// $Id$
//
// ---------------- G4QCaptureAtRest header ----------------
// by Mikhail Kossov, December 2003.
// Header of G4QCaptureAtRest class of the CHIPS Simulation Branch in GEANT4
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// At present (May 2009) only pi-, K- and antiNucleon capture are tested, which
// are the most crucial for the in matter simulation. The hyperon capture (Sigma-,
// Xi-, Omega-, antiSigma+) is implemented, but not tested and it is not clear how
// frequently this kind of interaction takes place in the simulation of the hadronic
// showers. The antiNeutron Capture At Rest is implemented by this G4QCaptureAtRest
// class, but it is not clear how the anti-neutrons are stopped in Geant4 tracking.
// It can be stopped only by interactions with electrons, as the annihilation cross
// section is huge and any interaction with nucleus results in annihilation. The
// mu- & tau- Capture At Rest (mu-,nu) & (mu-,nu) are weak processes, which must
// be simulated together with the reversed Betha decay (e-,nu). While mu- capture is
// similar to the pi- capture from the nuclear fragmentation point of view (the energy
// scale is shrinked because m_mu < m_pi and a part of the energy is lost because of
// the neutrino radiation), the time scale of the mu- capture process is not exact,
// but it is clear, that it is well delayed. By this reason the mu- capture can be
// excluded from the G4QCaptureAtRest and can be implemented in the "LongLivingDecay"
// branch of simulation, which includes excited states of nuclei and short living
// isotopes. On the "Fast Simulation" Level all radioactive isotopes, long living
// nuclear excitations, mu-atoms etc, which can be important for the background
// signals, must be collected in the continuous database and simulated separately.
// CHIPS is SU(3) event generator, so it does not include reactions with the heavy
// (c,b,t) quarks involved such as antiDs-, which can be simulated only by SU(6)
// QUIPS (QUark Invariant Phase Space) model. - May 2009, M.Kossov.-
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// All algorithms are similar: the captured particle is absorbed by a nuclear cluster
// with the subsequent Quark Exchange nuclear fragmentation. The Anti-Proton (antiSigma+)
// Capture algorithm is more complicated: the anti-baryon annihilates with the quasyfree
// nucleons on the nuclear periphery. The peripheral interaction results in a number
// of mesons. A part of them misses the nucleus and comes directly to the output,
// while others create Multy Quasmon Excitation in the nucleus with the subsequent
// Quark Excange Fragmentation of the nucleus. At present the two step mechanism of
// the antiProton-Nucleus interaction is hardwired in the G4QEnvironment class, but
// with time the first step of the interaction can be moved to this G4QCaptureAtRest
// class, to make the G4QEnvirement class simpler and better defined. This is
// necessary because the G4QEnvironment class is going to loos the previlage of
// the CHIPS Head Class (as previously the G4Quasmon class lost it) and G4QCollision
// class is going to be the CHIPS Head Class, where a few Nuclear Environments can
// exist (e.g. the Nuclear Environment of the Projectile Nucleus and the Nuclear
// Environment of the Target Nucleus). By the way, the antiProton-H1 interaction At
// Rest (CHIPSI) can be still simulated with only the G4Quasmon class, as this
// reaction does not have any nuclear environment.- May 2009, Mikhail Kossov.-
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ****************************************************************************************
// This Header is a part of the CHIPS physics package (author: M. Kosov)
// ****************************************************************************************
// Short Description: This is a universal process for nuclear capture
// (including annihilation) of all negative particles (cold neutrons, negative
// hadrons, negative leptons: mu- & tau-). It can be used for the cold neutron
// capture, but somebody should decide what is the probability (defined
// by the capture cross-section and atomic material properties) to switch
// the cold neutron to the at-rest neutron. - M.K. 2009.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef G4QCaptureAtRest_hh
#define G4QCaptureAtRest_hh
// GEANT4 Headers
#include "globals.hh"
#include "G4ios.hh"
#include "G4VRestProcess.hh"
#include "G4ParticleTypes.hh"
#include "G4VParticleChange.hh"
#include "G4ParticleDefinition.hh"
#include "G4DynamicParticle.hh"
#include "Randomize.hh"
#include "G4ThreeVector.hh"
#include "G4LorentzVector.hh"
#include "G4RandomDirection.hh"
// CHIPS Headers
#include "G4QEnvironment.hh"
#include "G4QIsotope.hh"
#include "G4QPDGToG4Particle.hh"
class G4QCaptureAtRest : public G4VRestProcess
{
private:
// Hide assignment operator as private
G4QCaptureAtRest& operator=(const G4QCaptureAtRest &right);
// Copy constructor
G4QCaptureAtRest(const G4QCaptureAtRest& );
public:
// Constructor
G4QCaptureAtRest(const G4String& processName ="CHIPSNuclearCaptureAtRest");
// Destructor
virtual ~G4QCaptureAtRest();
virtual G4bool IsApplicable(const G4ParticleDefinition& particle);
G4VParticleChange* AtRestDoIt(const G4Track& aTrack, const G4Step& aStep);
G4LorentzVector GetEnegryMomentumConservation();
G4int GetNumberOfNeutronsInTarget();
// Static functions
static void SetManual();
static void SetStandard();
static void SetParameters(G4double temper=180., G4double ssin2g=.1, G4double etaetap=.3,
G4double fN=0., G4double fD=0., G4double cP=1., G4double mR=1.,
G4int npCHIPSWorld=234, G4double solAn=.5, G4bool efFlag=false,
G4double piTh=141.4,G4double mpi2=20000.,G4double dinum=1880.);
protected:
// zero mean lifetime
G4double GetMeanLifeTime(const G4Track& aTrack, G4ForceCondition* );
G4double RandomizeDecayElectron(G4int Z); // Randomize energy of decay electron (in MeV)
private:
G4bool RandomizeMuDecayOrCapture(G4int Z, G4int N); // true=MuCapture, false=MuDecay
void CalculateEnergyDepositionOfMuCapture(G4int Z); // (2p->1s, MeV) @@ Now N-independent
G4bool RandomizeTauDecayOrCapture(G4int Z, G4int N);// true=TauCapture, false=TauDecay
void CalculateEnergyDepositionOfTauCapture(G4int Z);// (2p->1s, MeV) @@N-independ,Improve
// BODY
private:
// Static Parameters
static G4bool manualFlag; // If false then standard parameters are used
static G4int nPartCWorld; // The#of particles for hadronization (limit of A of fragm.)
// -> Parameters of the G4Quasmon class:
static G4double Temperature; // Quasmon Temperature
static G4double SSin2Gluons; // Percent of ssbar sea in a constituen gluon
static G4double EtaEtaprime; // Part of eta-prime in all etas
// -> Parameters of the G4QNucleus class:
static G4double freeNuc; // probability of the quasi-free baryon on surface
static G4double freeDib; // probability of the quasi-free dibaryon on surface
static G4double clustProb; // clusterization probability in dense region
static G4double mediRatio; // relative vacuum hadronization probability
// -> Parameters of the G4QEnvironment class:
static G4bool EnergyFlux; // Flag for Energy Flux use instead of Multy Quasmon
static G4double SolidAngle; // Part of Solid Angle to capture secondaries(@@A-dep)
static G4double PiPrThresh; // Pion Production Threshold for gammas
static G4double M2ShiftVir; // Shift for M2=-Q2=m_pi^2 of the virtual gamma
static G4double DiNuclMass; // Double Nucleon Mass for virtual normalization
//
// Working parameters
G4LorentzVector EnMomConservation; // Residual of Energy/Momentum Cons.
G4int nOfNeutrons; // #of neutrons in the target nucleus
// Modifires for the reaction
G4double Time; // Time shift of the capture reaction
G4double EnergyDeposition; // Energy deposited in the reaction
};
#endif