## \file
## \ingroup tutorial_roostats
## \notebook -js
## Demonstrate Z_Bi = Z_Gamma
##
## \macro_image
## \macro_output
## \macro_code
##
## \date July 2022
## \authors Artem Busorgin, Kyle Cranmer and Wouter Verkerke (C++ version)

import ROOT

# Make model for prototype on/off problem
# Pois(x | s+b) * Pois(y | tau b )
# for Z_Gamma, use uniform prior on b.
w1 = ROOT.RooWorkspace("w")
w1.factory("Poisson::px(x[150,0,500],sum::splusb(s[0,0,100],b[100,0,300]))")
w1.factory("Poisson::py(y[100,0,500],prod::taub(tau[1.],b))")
w1.factory("Uniform::prior_b(b)")

# construct the Bayesian-averaged model (eg. a projection pdf)
# p'(x|s) = \int db p(x|s+b) * [ p(y|b) * prior(b) ]
w1.factory("PROJ::averagedModel(PROD::foo(px|b,py,prior_b),b)")

c = ROOT.TCanvas()

# plot it, blue is averaged model, red is b known exactly
frame = w1["x"].frame()
w1["averagedModel"].plotOn(frame)
w1["px"].plotOn(frame, LineColor=ROOT.kRed)
frame.Draw()

# compare analytic calculation of Z_Bi
# with the numerical RooFit implementation of Z_Gamma
# for an example with x = 150, y = 100

# numeric RooFit Z_Gamma
w1["y"].setVal(100)
w1["x"].setVal(150)
cdf = w1["averagedModel"].createCdf(w1["x"])
cdf.getVal()  # get ugly print messages out of the way

print("Hybrid p-value = ", cdf.getVal())
print("Z_Gamma Significance  = ", ROOT.RooStats.PValueToSignificance(1 - cdf.getVal()))

# analytic Z_Bi
Z_Bi = ROOT.RooStats.NumberCountingUtils.BinomialWithTauObsZ(150, 100, 1)
print("Z_Bi significance estimation: ", Z_Bi)

c.SaveAs("Zbi_Zgamma.png")